week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a protocol

A

it is an agreement or rules to govern a way of communicating

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2
Q

computer communication requires the interaction of 5 functions. What are they

A
  • -> message encoding
  • -> message delivery options
  • -> message timing
  • -> message size
  • -> message formatting and encapsulation
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3
Q

what is a protocol suite

A

it is a group of interrelated protocols working together to perform a communication function

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4
Q

the protocol suite can be visualized as ___________________

A

layers in a stack

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5
Q

4 layers of tcp/ip stack

A

application layer
transport layer
Internet layer
network layer

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6
Q

what are the lower layers of the stack focused on

A
  • -> moving data over the network

- -> providing services to the upper layers

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7
Q

what are the upper layers of the stack focused on

A

–> content of the message being sent

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8
Q

what is the role of the application layer of the TCP/IP

A
  • -> represents the data to the user
  • -> encoding
  • -> dialog control
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9
Q

what is the role of the transport layer in the TCP/IP stack

A

–> supports communication between diverse devices across diverse networks

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10
Q

what is the role of the internet layer in the TCP/IP stack

A

–> determines the best path through the network

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11
Q

what is the role of the network access layer in the TCP/IP layer

A

–> controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network

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12
Q

communication functions are partitioned into a ______________-

A

hierarchical set of layers

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13
Q

each layer of the stack performs a related ________________ required to communicate

A

subset of the functions

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14
Q

what are the benefits of using a layered model

A
  • -> facilitates modular engineering, changes in one layer without affecting other layers above and below
  • -> reduces complexity
  • -> standardizes interfaces
  • -> accelerates evolution
  • -> simplifies teaching and learning
  • -> ensure interoperable technology, thus fostering competition because products from different vendors can work together
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15
Q

which protocol governs the way a web server/client interact

A

HTTP

hyper text transmission protocol

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16
Q

what does http do

A

it defines the content and formatting of the requests/responses that are exchanged

17
Q

top 3 layers of osi model are called

A

application layer

18
Q

role of the top 3 layers in osi model

A

deal with user interface, data formatting and application access

19
Q

lower 4 layers of osi model are called

A

data flow layers

20
Q

what is the role of the data flow layers

A

control the physical delivery of messages over the network

21
Q

________is the form that data takes at any layer in the model

A

protocol data unit

22
Q

application layer pdu

A

data

23
Q

transport layer pdu

A

segment

24
Q

network layer pdu

A

packet

25
Q

data link layer pdu

A

frame

26
Q

physical layer pdu

A

bits

27
Q

how are mac addresses represented

A

6 hexadecimal pairs

for eg - 50-B7-C3-11-12-1A

28
Q

pdu’s are addressed to destination ___________ and _____________ addresses

A

network and physical addresses