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Critical Thinking > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

critical thinking

A

the disciplined art of ensuring that you use the best thinking you are capable of in any set of circumstances

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2
Q

how to maximize thinking

A

learn about thinking
think about thinking
practice inward reflection
attain self knowledge

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3
Q

different ways to learn

A
  1. just in time
  2. task based
  3. problem based
  4. informal
  5. life-long
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4
Q

different learning styles

A
  1. reading
  2. listening
  3. watching
  4. animations
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5
Q

why is thinking necessary

A

thinking turns information into knowledge

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6
Q

cognition

A

gaining knowledge and comprehension

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7
Q

metacognition

A

thinking about thinking

reflecting, adapting, organizing

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8
Q

weak critical thinking

A

self-centeredness

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9
Q

strong critical thinking

A

fair-mindedness

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10
Q

fair-minded

A

entails a consciousness of the need to treat all viewpoints alike, without reference to one’s own feelings or selfish interests, or the feelings or selfish interests of one’s friend, company, community, or nation

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11
Q

traits of the disciplined mind (intellectual…)

A
  1. autonomy
  2. integrity
  3. humility
  4. sense of justice
  5. perseverance
  6. fair-mindedness
  7. confidence in reason
  8. courage
  9. empathy
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12
Q

intellectual humility

A

having a consciousness of the limits of one’s knowledge

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13
Q

intellectual courage

A

being willing to challenge beliefs and not accept opinions, thoughts, ideas, etc. from others passively and uncritically

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14
Q

intellectual empathy

A

an awareness of the need to imaginatively put oneself in the place of others so as to genuinely understand them

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15
Q

intellectual integrity

A

recognition of the need to be true to one’s own thinking and to hold oneself to the same standards one expects others to meet

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16
Q

intellectual perseverance

A

the disposition to work one’s way through intellectual complexities despite the frustration inherent in the task

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17
Q

confidence in reason

A

using sound reasoning as the sole criterion for making the decision of whether to accept or reject a viewpoint

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18
Q

intellectual autonomy

A

internal motivation base on the ideal of thinking for oneself; not being dependent on others for the direction and control of one’s thinking

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19
Q

intellectual arrogance

A

typically claim they know more than they actually do

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20
Q

intellectual cowardice

A

fear considering ideas, beliefs, and POVs from others that are not similar to their own

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21
Q

intellectual hypocrisy

A

having certain beliefs but actions contradict stated beliefs

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22
Q

intellectual distrust of reason

A

make decisions based on emotional reactions

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23
Q

three distinctive functions of the mind

A
  1. thinking
  2. feeling
  3. wanting
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24
Q

thinking

A

to create meaning

25
Q

feeling

A

tracking/assessing meanings

26
Q

wanting

A

allocating energy to action

27
Q

egocentric

A

having little or no regard for interests, beliefs, or attitudes other than one’s own

self-centered

28
Q

(T/F) humans do not naturally consider the rights and needs of others, appreciate the POV of others, appreciate limitations in their own POV

A

T

29
Q

innate egocentrism

A

it’s true because I believe it

30
Q

innate socio-centrism

A

it’s true because we believe it

31
Q

innate wish fulfillment

A

it’s true because I want to believe it

32
Q

innate self-validation

A

it’s true because I have always believed it

33
Q

innate selfishness

A

it’s true because it is in my selfish interest to believe it

34
Q

2 motives of egocentric thinking

A
  1. strives to gain its selfish interests

2. strives to validate its current way of thinking

35
Q

“successful” egocentrism

A

successful in a dysfunctional logic

rationalize egocentric thinking

36
Q

unsuccessful egocentric thinking

A

defensiveness, arrogance, apathy, alienation, indifference, resentment, depression, anger, irritability

37
Q

rational thinking

A

disciplined
flexible
fair-minded
ethical

38
Q

dominating egocentrism

A

ability to dominate others by using direct measures of some sort to get what the person wants from the other

39
Q

submissive egocentrism

A

art of submitting to others; indirect means to getting what one wants

40
Q

pathological tendencies of the human mind (8)

egocentric…

A
  1. memory
  2. myopia
  3. righteousness
  4. hypocrisy
  5. oversimplification
  6. blindness
  7. immediacy
  8. absurdity
41
Q

egocentric memory

A

person selectively forgets info supportive of other’s POV and only recall info supportive of their own POV

42
Q

egocentric myopia

A

person is absolute in their thinking & adopts a narrow POV

43
Q

egocentric righteousness

A

person feels superior because believe have the truth but do not

44
Q

egocentric hypocrisy

A

ignore flagrant inconsistencies in words and actions; double standards

45
Q

egocentric oversimplification

A

ignore real complex solutions in support of simple ones when simple solution favors a person’s POV

46
Q

egocentric blindness

A

do not notice evidence that contradicts a person’s beliefs and values

47
Q

egocentric immediacy

A

person will tend to over generalize their feelings and experiences

(one bad thing makes the entire day bad)

48
Q

egocentric absurdity

A

person does not pay attention to thinking that has “absurd consequences”

49
Q

defense mechanisms of the mind

A
  1. denial
  2. sublimation
  3. projection
  4. identification
  5. wishful thinking
  6. repression
  7. rationalization
50
Q

sublimation

A

person converts unacceptable behavior into an acceptable form to act out

51
Q

projection

A

attributing one’s own personal negative feelings to another person

52
Q

identification

A

identifying with abuser

53
Q

repression

A

burying thoughts/ideas

54
Q

stages of development of critical thinking (6)

A
  1. unreflective thinker
  2. challenged thinker
  3. beginning thinker
  4. practicing thinker
  5. advanced thinker
  6. master thinker
55
Q

Unreflective thinker

A

lack the skills and motivation to know how self-centered and prejudiced the person is in their thinking

56
Q

challenged thinker

A

aware of thinking, but not making adjustments

57
Q

beginning thinker

A

starts to think about thinking but not consistent

58
Q

practicing thinker

A

practices thinking and is consistent

Critical Thinking (4 decks)

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