Week 14 Flashcards
What are designer drugs often developed as?
derivatives of other drugs of abuse or medications
Where are designer drugs available?
on the street and over the internet
What are designer drugs perceived as?
Safe, but can be lethal and are often not detected in urine drug screens
What is MDMA also known as?
Ecstasy, Molly - increases serotonin levels (fever, seizure, coma & death)
What is the primary mechanism of action for GHB?
activation of the GABA receptor, rapid onset, causing disinhibition, amnesia and sexual arousal
What receptor does Phenibut act at?
GABA receptor
Where can you get Dextromethorphan and what does it cause?
Over the counter in cough syrup and can cause hallucinations, mood lability and dissociation.
What is the mechanism of action of PCP and ketamine?
glutamate antagonists and are dissociatives, and can cause paranoia.
What are Cathinones derived from?
Stimulant derived from the khat plant.
What is kratum when at low doses?
stimulant properties
what is kratum at high doses?
mu-opioid agonist activity
What are increases in fatal opioid overdoses being cause in large part by?
fully synthetic opioids (fentanyl, carfentanil)
What 2 substances are hallucinogens that activate serotonin
LSD & 2C-analogue (NBOM)
What does Acamprosate (Campral)balance?
GABA and Glutamate
How would Campral help patients with alcohol use disorders?
????
What is the method of action for naltrexone/vivitrol?
Antagonist - blocks the opioid receptor
What is the method of action for suboxone?
Partial agonist - binds to the opioid receptor
What is the method of action for methadone?
full agonist at the opioid receptor
How does Antabuse work?
alters the metabolism of alcohol making ingestion of alcohol unpleasant
Between Acamprosate and Naltrexone, which one is better for reducing heavy drinking?
Naltrexone
Between Acamprosate and Naltrexone, which one is better for abstinence?
Acamprosate
True or false - Acamprosate and Naltrexone work better if detoxed and can improves by 15%
True
Benefits of methadone
reduced illicit opiate use, reduced mortality, reduced crime rates, reduced health care costs, increased employment, better outcome for pregnant women and their infants.
Benefits of suboxone over methadone?
less risk of OD and death, fewer interactions with other med, even better outcome for pregnant women
What is the method of action of naloxone (Narcan)?
Mu-opioid receptor antagonist. It is either used in spray or it is also in suboxone
