Week 13 Flashcards
Which substance is the main psychoactive/addictive substance in marijuana?
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
What are the two cannabinoid receptors and which one is involved in marijuana’s addictive properties?
CB 1 and CB 2.
CB1 is involved in the addictive properties
What are some symptoms of acute marijuana intoxication?
Short term memory and attention impairment
motor skills and reaction time impairment
effects decision making and executive function
Can act as either a stimulant or depressant depending on concentration of THC
What are the symptoms of acute marijuana withdrawal??
Anger, irritability, aches, depression, poor concentration, sweating, craving, insomnia
Why is withdrawal with marijuana slower than other substances?
slow release from THC stored in adipose tissue (Fat)
What is the system of the brain related with marijuana use?
Endogenous Cannabinoid System
What is the naturally occurring neurotransmitter for the Endogenous Cannabinoid System?
Anandamide
Why is marijuana so popular among adolescents?
inverse relationship between perceived risk and drug use (the less they think a drug poses a risk, the more likely they are to use)
What are some of the risks of chronic marijuana use?
decreased motor function, psychosis, lower IQ, short term memory loss
What substance is very potent, has unreliable effects, and can have serious side-effects?
Synthetic cannabinoids (Spice, K2)
How many states is marijuana legal?
15
What schedule is marijuana and is it legal for Docs to prescribe?
schedule 1 and no.
What is the leading cause of preventable death?
tobacco
What is the primary psychoactive/addictive substance in tobacco?
nicotine
What receptor does nicotine bind to?
acetylcholine receptor
Even though nicotine binds to the acetylcholine receptor, what is the primary action that makes nicotine addictive?
the release of dopamine
The removal of an aversive (unpleasant) stimulus which reinforces/increases a certain behavior or response?
Negative Reinforcement
How are cigs a good example of negative reinforcement?
The chronic nicotine user experiences withdrawal every morning. When the individual ingests nicotine, it attaches to receptors releasing acetylcholine, dopamine, etc., which alleviates the withdrawal symptoms
The initial use of nicotine will be pleasurable and produce a mild high. This is an example of what kind of reinforcement ?
positive
What is a major risk factor in developing a tobacco use disorder?
age of first use
What are symptoms of nicotine intoxication?
release of dopamine makes the smoker feel more calm, relaxed, satisfied, mild euphoria.
What are the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
Irritability, depression and anxiety
How much are your chances of recovery increased if you quit smoking?
2x
T or F - smoking cessation has immediate and significant health benefits?
True
What are some smoking cessation options?
Behavioral treatments -counseling, therapy, group support, telephone quite lines
Medication - Nicotine replacement (patch, gum, lozenges). Bupropion (Zyban or Wellbutrin) Varenicline (Chantix)
T or F - nicotine replacement is using nicotine agonists to treat withdrawal and cravings
true
vareniciline (Chantix) is what type of drug
partial agonist
What are some negative effects with Chantix?
it can worsen heart disease and may worsen depression and suicidal ideation in some patients
