Week 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Which substance is the main psychoactive/addictive substance in marijuana?

A

tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

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2
Q

What are the two cannabinoid receptors and which one is involved in marijuana’s addictive properties?

A

CB 1 and CB 2.

CB1 is involved in the addictive properties

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3
Q

What are some symptoms of acute marijuana intoxication?

A

Short term memory and attention impairment

motor skills and reaction time impairment

effects decision making and executive function

Can act as either a stimulant or depressant depending on concentration of THC

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of acute marijuana withdrawal??

A

Anger, irritability, aches, depression, poor concentration, sweating, craving, insomnia

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5
Q

Why is withdrawal with marijuana slower than other substances?

A

slow release from THC stored in adipose tissue (Fat)

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6
Q

What is the system of the brain related with marijuana use?

A

Endogenous Cannabinoid System

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7
Q

What is the naturally occurring neurotransmitter for the Endogenous Cannabinoid System?

A

Anandamide

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8
Q

Why is marijuana so popular among adolescents?

A

inverse relationship between perceived risk and drug use (the less they think a drug poses a risk, the more likely they are to use)

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9
Q

What are some of the risks of chronic marijuana use?

A

decreased motor function, psychosis, lower IQ, short term memory loss

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10
Q

What substance is very potent, has unreliable effects, and can have serious side-effects?

A

Synthetic cannabinoids (Spice, K2)

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11
Q

How many states is marijuana legal?

A

15

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12
Q

What schedule is marijuana and is it legal for Docs to prescribe?

A

schedule 1 and no.

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13
Q

What is the leading cause of preventable death?

A

tobacco

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14
Q

What is the primary psychoactive/addictive substance in tobacco?

A

nicotine

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15
Q

What receptor does nicotine bind to?

A

acetylcholine receptor

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16
Q

Even though nicotine binds to the acetylcholine receptor, what is the primary action that makes nicotine addictive?

A

the release of dopamine

17
Q

The removal of an aversive (unpleasant) stimulus which reinforces/increases a certain behavior or response?

A

Negative Reinforcement

18
Q

How are cigs a good example of negative reinforcement?

A

The chronic nicotine user experiences withdrawal every morning. When the individual ingests nicotine, it attaches to receptors releasing acetylcholine, dopamine, etc., which alleviates the withdrawal symptoms

19
Q

The initial use of nicotine will be pleasurable and produce a mild high. This is an example of what kind of reinforcement ?

20
Q

What is a major risk factor in developing a tobacco use disorder?

A

age of first use

21
Q

What are symptoms of nicotine intoxication?

A

release of dopamine makes the smoker feel more calm, relaxed, satisfied, mild euphoria.

22
Q

What are the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?

A

Irritability, depression and anxiety

23
Q

How much are your chances of recovery increased if you quit smoking?

24
Q

T or F - smoking cessation has immediate and significant health benefits?

25
What are some smoking cessation options?
Behavioral treatments -counseling, therapy, group support, telephone quite lines Medication - Nicotine replacement (patch, gum, lozenges). Bupropion (Zyban or Wellbutrin) Varenicline (Chantix)
26
T or F - nicotine replacement is using nicotine agonists to treat withdrawal and cravings
true
27
vareniciline (Chantix) is what type of drug
partial agonist
28
What are some negative effects with Chantix?
it can worsen heart disease and may worsen depression and suicidal ideation in some patients