Week 14 Flashcards
Agglutinating languages
Turkish.
Generally have one grammatical category per affix.
Isolating (or analytic) languages
Mandarin Chinese.
In each word form consists typically of a single morpheme.
A one-to-one correspondence between morphemes and words. Most words are bare, unfixed root morphemes.
Synthetic (or inflecting) languages
Latin
Affixes that tend to have more than one function at the same time (case, number, gender).
Incorporating (or polysynthetic) languages
Language where a single word may present an entire phrase or sentence, including verb, adjective and an object.
West-Greenlandic express syntactic relations inside words; between verb and object.
Neologism
A newly coined word
Hapax legamenon
A word/expression that occurs only once within a context.
A word of which only one token occurs in the whole of Greek literature.
Infix
Affix inserted inside a word stem.
For example, cupful, spoonful, and passerby can be pluralized as cupsful, spoonsful, and passersby, using āsā as an infix.
Infixation in English
Placing an expletive inside a word;
Fuck-fuckin-tastic
Abso-damn-lutely
Santa-fuckin-Cruz
Reduplication in English
Repetition of a word (or part of a word) in a word.
Hokey-pokey, hurdy-gurdy.
Reduplication in English
Reduplication with change in sound quality: echo reduplication.
Okey-dokey
Holy Moly!
Flip-flop
Chit-chat
And appears as contrastive Reduplication which narrows the meaning of the word;
Are you leaving-leaving?
I am not nervous-nervous.
Root-and-pattern languages
Like Arabic have roots that consist of consonants, to which vowels are added to express morphological distinctions.
Nonce
The word has been found once; agreemony.
