Week 13 - ASD

Question 1

ASD

Answer 1

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 2

PDD

Answer 2

Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Question 3

PDD - definition

Answer 3

Refers to a group of disorders characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills. Parents may note symptoms as early as infancy, although the typical age of onset is before 3 years of age

Question 4

PDD-NOS

Answer 4

Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

Question 5

PDD-NOS - definition

Answer 5

Some developmental health professionals refer to PDD-NOS as “subthreshold autism.” In other words, it’s the diagnosis they use for someone who has some but not all characteristics of autism or who has relatively mild symptoms.

*now included in DSM-5

Question 6

CDD

Answer 6

Childhood disintegrative disorder

Question 7

CDD - definition

Answer 7

Also known as Heller’s syndrome and disintegrative psychosis, is a rare condition characterized by late onset (>3 years of age) of developmental delays in language, social function, and motor skills

Question 8

IQ

Answer 8

Intelligence Quotient

Question 9

Hx

Answer 9

History

Question 10

GI

Answer 10

Gastrointestinal

Question 11

EEG

Answer 11

Electroencephalogram

Question 12

EEG - definition

Answer 12

A test that detects abnormalities in your brain waves, or in the electrical activity of your brain

Question 13

2 common tests for ASD

Answer 13

• MRI

- EEG

Question 14

ID

Answer 14

Intellectual Disability

Question 15

____ studies show reduced activation in the frontal lobe

Answer 15

MRI

Question 16

MR

Answer 16

Mental Retardation

Question 17

AAIDD

Answer 17

American Association on Intellectual Development Disorders

Question 17

AAIDD

Answer 17

American Association on Intellectual Development Disorders

Question 18

CNS

Answer 18

Central Nervous System

Question 19

Example: Coloring with left hand and then switching to the right, eating with the left and then switching in the middle of the meal to the right

Answer 19

Ambiguous Hand Preference

Question 20

True or False: The limbic system specifically the amygdala and the hippocampus appear abnormal in those with autism

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Asperger’s Syndrome - symptoms

Answer 21

• Have social challenges
• IQ is in normal range
• no delay in speech
• poor at recognizing nonverbal commands, gestures, etc.

Question 22

Auditory Processing - example

Answer 22

Difficulty comprehending spoken language OR doesn’t respond to their own name when called

Question 23

What is brushing used for?

Answer 23

Tactile Defensiveness!
OT’s use brushing on the limbs in a back and forth direction to decrease tactile defensiveness and increase ability to handle touch

Question 24

Some propose that _____ (a protein found in wheat and some other grains) and ______ (a protein found in dairy products) can worsen autism symptoms by causing inflammation in the gut that spreads to the brain

Answer 24

Gluten

Casein

Question 25

(in ASD) Neurons in the cerebellum known as _____ ______ are less in number than in a normal brain

Answer 25

Purkinje cells

Question 26

Symptoms may begin with unexplained changes in behaviour, e.g. anxiety, agitation, or unprovoked anger. Behavioural changes are normally followed by a loss in motor, social and communication skills. Children with _____ _____ ______ often lose bowel or bladder control and reject social interaction

Answer 26

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder

Question 27

Emotional Lability - defintion

Answer 27

laughing or crying at inappropriate times

Question 28

MRI studies show reduced activation in the ____ _____

Answer 28

Frontal Lobe

Question 29

True or False: many children with ASD have GI issues?

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Hyperlexia - defined

Answer 30

unable to comprehend what is read

Question 31

Neurons in the ____ ____ of the brainstem are initially larger than normal and in adulthood they are smaller than normal; cells are normal in number

Answer 31

Inferior Olive

Question 32

Autism is a neurobiological disorder of the ____

Answer 32

Brain

Question 33

Rote Memory

Answer 33

Memorization - repetition to keep information

Question 34

True or False: (in ASD) Word recall is more impaired than number recall, good with rote memory

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is the focus of the sensory diet is to tolerate

Answer 35

Sensations & situations that are challenging

Question 36

What is the focus of an OT with children with Autism?

Answer 36

regulation of the sensory system

Question 37

Theory of Mind

Answer 37

Can’t read another person’s thoughts, emotions or feelings, doesn’t pick up on nonverbal communication