week 11 Thermoregulation Interactions Ecosystem Structure: Flashcards
regulating body temperature is called?
THERMOREGULATION
Why are high fevers bad?
high fevers that linger or worsen can cause significant health complications if left untreated.
cell membranes - how does body temp impact cells?
Cells function best at normal physiological temperature, which is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit in warm-blooded animals like humans.
If body temperature increases, for example during a high fever, the cell membrane can become more fluid. If temperature is too low, cells can become rigid
WHY might that be a problem for
NEURONS?
neurons are temperature sensitive
What thermoregulation is and why is it important?
Thermoregulation is a process that allows your body to maintain its core internal temperature.
Name some factors that can raise your internal temperature
fever
exercise
digestion
Name some factors that can lower your internal temperature
drug use
alcohol use
metabolic conditions, such as an under-functioning thyroid gland
What are enzymes?
proteins that perform many cell
functions, including digestion, growth, and repair.
What happens when enzymes get warmer?
they speed up - but at different rates
if your body temperature falls to 95°F (35°C) or lower, you have …
“hypothermia.” This condition can potentially lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage, or even death.
What happens if enzymes get too cold?
their molecular movement decreases. All enzymes work on contact, so when one of these enzymes comes in contact with the right substrate, it starts to work immediately. Too slow or too fast and the process doesn’t work right
what does endothermic mean in humans??
They generate body heat by processing food
molecules with the help of oxygen.
They CONTROL it with insulation (fur or
feathers), blood flow, sweating, behavior, etc.
ECTOTHERMIC ANIMALS do what??
control of their BODY TEMPERATURE is determined
mainly by the SURROUNDINGS.
Can be warm OR cool, depending on the
situation. Control it mainly by BEHAVIOR.
“BASKING” or absorbing radiant heat from the sun describes what?
BEHAVIORAL THERMOREGULATION
lowered body temperature and metabolic rate are called…
HIBERNATION & TORPOR
Avoiding seasonal temperatures changes
by moving ELSEWHERE is known as?
Migration
In endotherms, thermoregulation can be…
Both voluntary (behavioral) and involuntary (reflex) responses.
The BRAIN controls body
temperature with
automatic
“FEEDBACK LOOPS.”
what does homeostasis do?
it is the self-regulating process by which biological systems tend to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for survival.
what’s the point of shivering?
More body heat is generated.
How SHIVERING works
Muscle contractions require energy
and may also cause some warmth by friction.
The FUR on a bumblebee is decorative. true or false?
false - The insulating FUR on a bumblebee helps
to keep the flight muscles WARM.
why is sweating or perspiring useful?
When sweat EVAPORATES away from
your skin, it takes lots of HEAT with it.
HOW and WHY does cold sometimes
give your skin a warm FLUSH?
Smooth muscles in the walls of the tiny blood
capillaries of your skin RELAX.
This makes the vessels EXPAND, which
allows more warm blood to enter the skin.
