week 11 quiz Flashcards
Briefly define population
a well defined group or set that has certain specified properties
Briefly define sample
a subset of the population - the sample of a study is the participants
Briefly define sampling unit
each individual
Briefly define element
each individual
Briefly define convenience sample
Uses most readily available willing participants
Briefly define snowball sampling
approach uses social networks to gain further participants
Briefly define purposive sampling
handpicked for experience - Researchers knowledge of the population and its elements are handpick cases typical of the population to be included
Briefly define Quota sampling
non-probability sampling uses prior knowledge about the population of interest to build representation into the sample.
Briefly define simple random sampling
population elements are identified sample then selected using random number generation
Briefly define stratified random sampling
Divides the population into strata - subgroups that are homogenous and everyone is represented accordingly
Why are eligibility criteria so important
reduces selection bias and ensures generalisability
What is the main purpose of sampling
Quantitative - to obtain a sample in a way that has minimum bias and that represents the characters of interest of those in the target population
increase efficiency and maintain generalisability
Name two major headings under which sampling falls
probability and non-probability
what are the advantages of random sampling
Low risk of bias
Maximise representativeness
Name and briefly describe 2 other types of probability sampling
simple random - laborious to draw, low risk of bias, maximised probabilty for non-representativeness
stratified random - time consuming to draw, low risk of bias, enhanced representativeness
