week 11 emerging tech

Question 1

the use of drones in war is unethical. discuss

Answer 1

unethical:
- just war theory
- lack of transparency
- can normalize conflicts
- reduce accountability
- intelligence failures
- the mentality of remote warfare

Question 2

jus ad bellum

Answer 2

the reasons and justification for going to war
- core principle of Just war theory
- the actor has to have the right cause to go to war
- only proper authority can issue war
- proportionality (act in-kind with the enemy)
- last resort

Question 3

jus in bello

Answer 3

focuses on how war should be fought, the conduct of war

Question 4

UAV’s

Answer 4

Unmanned aerial vehicles

Question 5

ISR

Answer 5

intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance missions

Question 6

Emulation

Answer 6

in a technological matter emulation is to copy an outcome of another program

Question 7

“authoritarian regimes who believe people are weaknesses in the machine, that they are the weak link in the cog, that they cannot be trusted, that they will naturally gravitate toward totally automated solutions.”

Answer 7

Robert Work

Question 8

network platforms

Answer 8

digital services that provides to their users by aggregating them in large numbers

Question 9

R&D

Answer 9

Research and Development

Question 10

NAIRR

Answer 10

National AI Research Resource

Question 11

just war theory

Answer 11

• operates with jus in Bello and jus ad Bellum
• there should be a reasonable chance of success
• war has to be last resort
• argues that war is only allowed with a valid reasons

Question 12

cyber power

Answer 12

the ability to obtain the preferred outcome through the use of electronically interconnected information

Question 13

loitering capacity

Answer 13

the duration and area where UAVs can operate within, battery life, operation efficiency and fuel

Question 14

Computer Network Attacks

Answer 14

the use of deliberate actions and operation to disrupt, deceive an destroy the advisories computer system

Question 15

computer network exploitation

Answer 15

a non destructive operation whose objective is to obtain confidential information (more likely to have spies)

Question 16

who resort the cyber warfare and why?

Answer 16

nation state + their security- and intelligence services
non state actors ex. terror organizations

Question 17

attribution

Answer 17

the ability to hold a cyber actor responsible for a specific operation

Question 18

how is cyber power different from nuclear power?

Answer 18

• nuclear weapons are difficult to hack
• the cyber club is broader than the nuclear club
  cyber weapons and capabilities are much more available than nuclear weapons and capabilities

Question 19

reconnaissance

Answer 19

collecting intelligence for planning military operations, trying to have a snapshot of a dynamic situation

Question 20

examples of drone attacks

Answer 20

• the 2020 us strike on iranian general
• The 2011 drone strike in Yemen (hit a wedding)

Question 21

kamikaze drones

Answer 21

loitering munition, attacks a target by crashing into it

Question 22

surveillance

Answer 22

something where you have a platform in place, a perminant state

Question 23

advantages of drones

Answer 23

1. sustained presence
2. near instantaneous responsiveness
3. minimize risks and causalities

Question 24

disadvantages of drones

Answer 24

1. moral hazard since you dont suffer the consequences
2. lack of distinction between civilians and combatants (jus in Bello)

Question 25

panacaeum

Answer 25

a cure for all things, when you have a hammer everything looks like a nail

Question 26

nero networks

Answer 26

the way the brain fires signals, create information, machine learning

Question 27

robotics

Answer 27

machines dont have anyone operating them but they can assists varies of things ex. building cars etc.

Question 28

NLP

Answer 28

Natural Language Processing ex. Siri can understand written documents

Question 29

Incalculability

Answer 29

effects of AI strategy,
higher risk of instability and conflict

Question 30

AI arms control

Answer 30

dialogue to make sure all sides know what the other side is doing
affirm that only humans can authorize the employment of nuclear weapons
limit the proliferation of AI enabled weapons

Question 31

CBM

Answer 31

Confidence Building Measures

Question 32

perpetual

Answer 32

lasting forever