Week 11 - Cardiovascular Adaptations to training and VO2 max

Question 1

O2 transport system
Does O2 requirement change?
Endurance training effect?

Answer 1

• o2 requirement doesn’t change

- o2 Transport can become more efficient with endurance training

Question 2

Causes of increased LVED volume

What does Increased blood volume assist?

Answer 2

• assists venous return

- changes faster than cardiac mass (within a week)

Question 3

Causes of increased LVED volume:

Lower heart rate/ Rapid ventricular relaxation

Answer 3

-increases filling time (diastole)

Question 4

Causes of increased LVED volume:

Volume adaptations are_____compared to changes in cardiac mass

Answer 4

-rapid

Question 5

Decreases in RHR with endurance training are due to: (3)

Answer 5

1. increased sv
2. decreased sympathetic stimulation
3. increased vagal tone

Question 6

Submaximal HR during exercise_______

How many bpm after 6 months of training?

Answer 6

• Decreases.

- May decrease by 10-30 bpm after 6 months of training

Question 7

Maximal HR during exercise

Answer 7

-remains unchanged or decreases slightly with training

Question 8

Endurance training_______HR and SBP for same absolute exercise intensity

Answer 8

reduces

Question 9

Exercise_______recovery rate period

Answer 9

increases

Question 10

HR recovery period is affected by

Answer 10

Altitude, heat

Question 11

HR recovery period____ ___individuals

Answer 11

cannot compare

Question 12

Blood flow____with training

Answer 12

increases

Question 13

Trained muscles have_________capillarisation

Answer 13

increased

Question 14

Training_____bp

Answer 14

reduces

Question 15

Training_____blood volume

Answer 15

increases

Question 16

________training may decrease capillary density from an increase in muscle fibre area

Answer 16

strength

Question 17

a-vO2 diff improved O2 extraction due to increased…(3)

Answer 17

• capillary density
• increased myoglobin content
• increased mitochondrial volume density

Question 18

Maximal work rates systolic pressure______ and diastolic pressure_________

Answer 18

increases

decreases

Question 19

Blood volume from training increases primarily to an increase in

Answer 19

plasma volume (ADH, aldosterone, plasma proteins cause fluid to be retained in the blood)

Question 20

Blood viscosity______with training_____circulating and____oxygen delivery

Answer 20

decreases
improving
enhancing

Question 21

VO2 max definition

Answer 21

The maximum rate at which a person can utilize O2

relative to your body weight per min (ml.kg.min)

Question 22

Improvements in VO2max due to: (2)

Answer 22

increase in SV

increase in a-vO2

Question 23

VO2max can be limited by: (5)

Answer 23

Anaemia
Detraining
Blood loss
Dehydration
Beta blockers

Question 24

Factors affecting VO2max (5)

Answer 24

Lvl of conditioning
Heredity
Age
Sex
Specificity of training

Question 25

VO2 direct measures advantages (3)

Answer 25

• Accurate
• Valid
• Reliable

Question 26

VO2 direct measures disadvantages (3)

Answer 26

• Risks(in non healthy population)
• Cost
• For large numbers, cost and time ineffective

Question 27

VO2 direct measure should be_______ to athletes sport

Answer 27

specific

Question 28

VO2 direct measure test length

Answer 28

10-12 mins

Question 29

VO2 max test finishes when you reach.. (4)

Answer 29

1. RER > 1.1
2. Plasma lactate > 9mmol.L
3. HR of 220 - age reached
4. A plateau in VO2 with increasing exercise intensity

Question 30

VO2 max can be predicted from known relationships between (3)

Answer 30

workload
HR
VO2max

Question 31

VO2 max can be estimated in linear relationship between (2)

Answer 31

Submax HR

work load

Question 32

Confounders in predicting VO2 max (6)

Answer 32

Habituation
Fitness
Heart disease
Holding on
Exercise protocol
Mechanical efficiency

Question 33

VO2 max predicted test not so good (5)

Answer 33

• Distinguishing performance between people with similar VO2
• Lactate/ventilatory threshold better predictor
• Can’ compare others using different equipment
• Performance changes but not VO2
• Only cycling/running ergometers available

Question 34

Increased SVmax (3)
\_\_\_\_\_ preload (EDV) and Contractility
\_\_\_\_\_ after load (TPR)

Answer 34

Increases

Decreases