Week 11 - Burnout and Overtraining and Children and Psychology Flashcards
Periodised Training
deliberately exposing athletes to high volume + high intensity training loads that are followed by a lower training load
Overtraining
short cycle of training during which athletes expose themselves to excessive training loads that are near maximum capacity
Staleness
physiological state of overtraining - athlete can not maintain standard training regimens and can no longer achieve previous performance results
Burnout
a physical, emotional and social withdrawal from a formerly enjoyable sport activity characterised by:
- emotional & physical exhaustion
- reduced sense of accomplishments
- sport devaluation
Exhaustion
physical/emotional - lost concern, energy, interest and trust
Low personal accomplishment
low self esteem, failure and depression
Depersonalisation and devaluation
acting impersonal and unfeeling (due to mental and physical exhaustion)
What is a major influence leading to burnout
Entrapment
Causes of burnout
physical concerns e.g injury, tiredness
logistical concerns e.g travel and time demands
social/interpersonal concerns e.g negative parental influence, negative team atmosphere
psychological concerns e.g inappropriate expectations, coach/parental pressure
signs and symptoms of overtraining & burnout
Physical - sleep disturbance, appetite loss, increased tiredness
Psychosocial - emotional, exhaustion, increased tension, concentration loss
reasons for children discontinuing sport participation
other things to do, decreased performance, didn’t enjoy pressure, decline in excitement, lack of teamwork and team affiliation issues
Positive role of friends in youth sport
companionship
pleasant play association
enhancement of self esteem
help and guidance
prosocial behaviour
Positive role of friends in youth sport (contin)
intimacy
emotional support
conflict resolution
attractive personal qualities
negative role of friends in youth sport
conflict (insults and arguments)
unattractive personal qualities e.g self-centered
betrayal
inaccessibility
how many children are affected by state anxiety in specific situations
2.5 million
situational sources of stress
children have more state anxiety when:
- they lose
- an event is highly important
- individual sports compared to team sports
some factors associated with burnout in young athletes
very high and other imposed expectations
win at all costs attitude
parental pressure
long repetitive practices with little variety
inconsistent coaching practices
overuse injuries
excessive time demands
high travel demands
practical implications of stress and burnout in children’s competitive sport
use simple strategies
vary approaches to the same exercise
individualise approaches to the child’s interests
remain positive and optimistic
use role models
player dropout rates with a positive approach to training
5% compared to 26% (untrained coaches)
how to make coaching practices effective for young athletes
- use affirming, instructional, supportive and autonomy-supportive behaviours
- praise kids for doing things well
- give praise sincerely
- develop realistic expectations
- reward efforts as much as outcome
- focus on teaching and practicing skills
- modify skills (developmentally appropriate)
- reward correct technique
- positive ‘sandwich’ approach when correcting errors
- ensure the environment reduces fear of trying new skills
- be enthusiastic
parental roles in youth sports
socialiser
role model
interpreter of child’s sport experience
