Week 11 and 12

Question 1

Cells that surround and protect delicate neurons

Answer 1

Neuroglia (glial cells)

Question 1

Excitable cells that transmit electrical signals

Answer 1

Neurons (nerve cells)

Question 2

Brain and spinal cord of dorsal body cavity
Integration and control center
Interprets sensory input and dictates motor output

Answer 2

CNS

Question 3

Portion of nervous system outside of CNS
Spinal nerves and cranial nerves

Answer 3

PNS

Question 4

Neurons are branching cells; Neurons transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors; Supporting cells support and protect neurons

Answer 4

Nervous tissue

Question 5

Branches off of cell body; receptive region

Answer 5

Dendrites

Question 6

Biosynthetic center; receptive region

Answer 6

Cell body

Question 7

Impulse-generating and conducting region

Answer 7

Axon

Question 8

Bottom of axon; fat portion

Answer 8

Axon hillock

Question 9

Secretory region on axon

Answer 9

Axon terminal

Question 10

Support cell; Star shaped cell that reaches out to capillaries and neurons; most abundant in CNS

Answer 10

Astrocytes

Question 11

Support cell; defensive cells (prevent infection; Spider shaped cell in CNS

Answer 11

Microglial cell

Question 12

Support cell; Lines cerebrospinal fluid filled cells in CNS cavities; Ciliated

Answer 12

Ependymal cell

Question 13

Support cell; Has processes that form myelin sheaths around CNS fibers

Answer 13

Oligodendrocyte

Question 14

Support cells; Joins with Schwann cells to surround neurons in PNS; Specifically surrounds the cell body

Answer 14

Satellite cell

Question 15

Short, non myelinated neurons on cell bodies

Answer 15

Gray matter

Question 16

Myelinated and non myelinated axons

Answer 16

White matter

Question 17

Fluid filled chambers that are continuous to one another and to central canal of spinal cord
Filled with CSF
Lined by ependymal cells

Answer 17

Ventricles

Question 18

Liquid cushion of constant volume around brain
Gives buoyancy to CNS structures
Composed of watery solution formed from blood plasma

Answer 18

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 19

Cluster of capillaries that hangs from roof of each ventricle, enclosed by pia mater and surrounding layer of ependymal cells
Forms CSF

Answer 19

Choroid plexus

Question 20

Site of conscious mind
“Executive suite”

Answer 20

Cerebral cortex

Question 21

Localizes and interprets sensory inputs; Controls voluntary and skilled skeletal muscle activity
Functions in intellectual an emotional processing

Answer 21

Cortical gray matter

Question 22

Subcortical motor centers
Help control skeletal muscle movements
Inner gray matter pockets

Answer 22

Basal nuclei

Question 23

Region in diencephalon; Helps with memory processing

Answer 23

Thalamus

Question 24

Regulates body temperature, food intake, water balance, thirst, and biological rhythms
Regulates hormonal output of pituitary gland

Answer 24

Hypothalamus

Question 25

Contains pineal gland; secretes melatonin that helps regulate sleep-wake cycle

Answer 25

Epithalamus

Question 26

Controls automatic behaviors necessary for survival
3 regions: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Answer 26

Brain stem

Question 27

Visual reflex centers; part of midbrain

Answer 27

Superior colliculi

Question 28

Auditory relay centers; part of midbrain

Answer 28

Inferior colliculi

Question 29

Contains visual and auditory reflex centers

Answer 29

Midbrain

Question 30

Relays information from the cerebrum to cerebellum
Cooperates with the medullary respiratory centers to control respiratory rate and depth

Answer 30

Pons

Question 31

Contains visceral nuclei controlling heart rate, blood vessel diameter, respiratory rate, vomiting, coughing

Answer 31

Medulla oblongata

Question 32

Inferior to cerebellum;
Provides instructions to cerebral motor cortex and subcortical centers, resulting in smooth, coordinated skeletal muscle movements
Responsible for balance and structure

Answer 32

Cerebellum

Question 33

Mediates emotional response
Involved in memory processing
Composed of: amygdaloid body, fornix, cingulate gyrus

Answer 33

Limbic system