Week 11- 3D Modelling + Future GIS

Question 1

3D city model

Answer 1

Urban ares containing:

• terrain surfaces
• sites,
• buildings
• vegetation
• infrastructure
• landscape elements
• city furniture

Question 2

Applications

Answer 2

• Build Flexible Scenarios: see building proposal from every angle.
• Create Realistic Context: view blocking, shows, heat reflection.
• Share Your Plan Online

All result in cost savings

Question 3

Data requirements

Answer 3

• DTM: Elevation (LiDAR)

- Building height

Question 4

3D city models allow for…

Answer 4

visually integrating heterogeneous

geoinformation within a single framework and, therefore, create and manage complex urban information spaces.

Question 5

3 Types of Questions that could be answered with 3D model

Answer 5

1. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS: solar potential of buildings
   - how many hours of sun exposure in a day
   - is it overshadowed
2. PROPERTY VALUES: for new develpoment.
   - calculate landscape views, sunlight exposure of individual apartments, offices or rooms within the building
   - which direction for terraces (river, sunlight).
3. DESIGN ANAlYSIS Q’s: Which regions to place building height restrictions?
   - which landmarks/views will be blocked with potentially high buildings.
4. GREENSPACE VISuALISATION: how to integrate more greenspace?
   - evaluate current and future urban patterns and identify tradeoffs
   - e.g models of new vertical development with green roofs and surrounding green space

Question 6

Future challenges of GeoWeb

Answer 6

• GIS training
• Data standards and specification
• ethical issue, privacy and data ownership

Question 7

GIS Training problem

Answer 7

-Complex analysis techniques require more training (in UK school curriculum)

Question 8

Data Standards

Answer 8

• shift from government controlled data portals to GeoWeb makes implementation of standards problematic
• meta data (description of data) important to maintain standards across data sharing of GeoWeb

Question 9

Privacy and data ownership issues

Answer 9

• Who owns the data and does copyright protect the economic value of the data?
• e.g street view and privacy

Question 10

Advantages of GeoWeb

Answer 10

• web format makes more accessible (keyhole Markup)
• integration of disparate sources of data (mashups)
• Users and subject areas in same place (location based services
• cloud platform GIS

Question 11

Mashups

Answer 11

combine data or geospatial services from multiple online sources to create a single integrated tool. Can then be anlaysed. e.g Atlas of Living Australia

Question 12

Location-based services

Answer 12

• Mobile GIS–> The Nature Conservancy (TNC) uses mobile GIS to map weeds and track management activities which is sychronised back to their database.

Question 13

What role does GIS play in 3D city model

Answer 13

provides base information for the 3D model: digital terrain models, road networks, land use maps
-cadastral data can be converted to simple 3D models (building heights)

Question 14

Cloud Benefits

Answer 14

• Increased availability
• Lower cost of ownership–>rental model (renting either software, platform or infrastructure)
• scales by demand
• easer and faster sharing/collaboration

Question 15

Google’s Keyhole Markup language (KML) allows…

Answer 15

representation geospatial data in a web browser