Week 11

Question 1

If a quote in the press states “ New treatment reduces your risk of X disease by 25%” what is this referring to?

Answer 1

Usually, relative risk

Question 2

Define absolute risk

Answer 2

Question 3

Define relative risk

Answer 3

Question 4

What assesses an individual’s risk of developing the disease or condition over a time period?

Answer 4

Question 5

What would compares the risk in two different groups of people? (e.g., smokers and non-smokers)

Answer 5

Question 6

Assess absolute risk: Say the absolute risk of sustaining an injury from a fall in the bathroom is 4 in 100 (4%)in older persons who do not wear bifocals. And the relative risk of injury is increased by 50% in persons who do wear bifocals.

Answer 6

Question 7

Assess absolute risk: Say adults over 75 have a 2 in 20 risk of developing a knee extension limitation following a TKA. Say research shows that CPM use immediately following TKA reduces the relative risk of getting knee extension limitation by 50%.

Answer 7

Question 8

Assess and interpret relative and absolute risk

Answer 8

Question 9

How to do NNT for a treatment?

Answer 9

Question 10

Explain hazard ratios and risk

Answer 10

Question 11

What should you ask to decide if its appropriate to proceed with an intervention?

Answer 11

Question 12

Say your absolute risk of developing a certain disease is 4 in 1,000. If a treatment reduces the relative risk by 50%, it means the 4 is reduced by 50%. What is the absolute risk? What is the appropriate action?

Answer 12

Question 13

Say there was a 1 in 100 risk of developing serious side-effects from treatment. Would you want the treatment, as the risk from serious side-effects is higher than the risk from the disease?

Answer 13

Question 14

if the absolute risk of developing a disease is 4 in 10 and a treatment reduces the relative risk by 50%. Assess absolute risk and interpret

Answer 14

Question 15

What does one’s benefit from a treatment depend on?

Answer 15

Question 16

What are most clinical questions related to?

Answer 16

Question 17

What are the objectives of clinical questions?

Answer 17

Question 18

What is the treatment magnitude for dichotomous data vs continuous data?

Answer 18

Question 19

Define continuous outcomes

Answer 19

Question 20

Define effect size and its results

Answer 20

Question 21

What components are studied to assess the magnitude of the effect with a dichotomous outcome?

Answer 21

Question 22

Define dichotomous outcomes

Answer 22

Question 23

How do you assess benefit increase?

Answer 23

Question 24

Measure absolute and relative benefit

Answer 24

Question 25

Measure absolute and relative risk

Answer 25

Question 26

Assess CER, EER, RRR, ARR, NNT

Answer 26

Question 27

Fill the table

Answer 27

Question 28

Define NNT

Answer 28

Question 29

What would it mean if an intervention has an NNT of 5?

Answer 29

Question 30

Define

Answer 30

Question 31

How do you assess study credibility in an intervention study?

Answer 31

Question 32

What’s the difference between a systematic review and a systematic review review + meta analysis

Answer 32

Question 33

What’s the difference between a clinical prediction rule and clinical practice guidelines + systematic review?

Answer 33

Question 34

Explain key components of credibility in a systematic review

Answer 34

Question 35

Explain confidence estimates and clinical usefulness of systematic reviews

Answer 35

Question 36

Define heterogeneity and its interpretation

Answer 36

Question 37

Explain how to assess a forest plot

Answer 37

Question 38

For a study assessing fall risk of 100 patients and a treadmill intervention. After the intervention 25% experienced falls. The control group had 75% experience falls. What is the NNT

Answer 38

Question 39

Assess WOMAC and state 1) clinical significance 2) absolute effect size

Answer 39

Question 40

Assess odds ration and clinical significance of “Geoffrey”

Answer 40

Question 41

explain heterogeneity

Answer 41

Question 42

interpret

Answer 42

Question 43

What is the heterogeneity?

Answer 43