week 10 - nutrition assessment

Question 1

primary nutrients - carbs

Answer 1

1. carbohydrates
   - body’s primary source energy and brains preferred energy source
   - carbs broken down to glucose
   - glucose used as fuel by body’s cells, tissues, and organs

Question 2

primary nutrients - protein

Answer 2

1. protein
   - helps repair and build your body’s tissues
   - allows metabolic reactions to take place, coordinates bodily functions

Question 3

primary nutrients - lipids

Answer 3

1. lipids
   - aid in storing energy
   - may be broken dow to provide large amounts of energy

Question 4

primary nutrients - vitamins and minerals

Answer 4

1. vitamins and minerals
   - used for keeping bones, muscles, heart, brain working properly

Question 5

primary nutrients - water

Answer 5

1. water

Question 6

health promotion - nutrition

Answer 6

• food literacy
• food safety
• food allergies
• lifespan considerations
• immunization

Question 7

factors influencing nutrition

Answer 7

• medication
• lifestyle choices
• socioeconomic status
• education
• culture/religion

Question 8

lifestyle considerations - infants and children

Answer 8

• breast is best but supplement with vitamin D
• formula 150ml/kg/day
• introduction to solids at 6 months (iron-rich/proteins first)

Question 9

lifestyle considerations - adolescents

Answer 9

• require more protein due to rapid growth
• inquire about relationship with food (SCOFF questionnaire)
• make yourself sick because you feel uncomfortably full?
• lost control over how much you eat?
• lost more than one stone in a 3 month period?
• believe yourself to be fat when others say you’re too thin?
• would you say food dominates your life?

Question 10

lifestyle conditions - pregnancy

Answer 10

• all women of childbearing years should take folic acid supplement (0.4mg)
• pregnant women need additional 350cal/day in second trimester
• extra 450cal/day in third semester

Question 11

lifestyle considerations - elderly

Answer 11

factors that affect nutrition in the older adult:
- illness or chronic disease, including depression or dementia
- excessive or inadequate intake of a limited variety of foods/missing food groups
- dental concerns
- low economic status
- social isolation
- self-care deficits
- use of medications

Question 12

cultural consideration

Answer 12

• healing properties of foods
• food practices may be based on religious beliefs

Question 13

specific chronic diseases

Answer 13

mediterranean diet - heart healthy
low fat - cardiovascular diseases
DASH diet - hypertension
low sodium, fluid intake - congestive heart failure
carbohydrate counting - diabetes
NAS - no added salt
NSA - no added sugar

Question 14

objective data collection - physical assessment

Answer 14

• vital signs
• body type
• general appearance
• BMI
• oral cavity

Question 15

signs and symptoms of malnutrition

Answer 15

• change in integumentary system
• changes in energy level
• weight loss/body changes
• mood changes
• vital signs deviations