Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Drug Profiles > Week 10 Drugs (Etomidate, Glucagon, Glucose, Ipratropium, Ketamine, Lorazepam) > Flashcards

Week 10 Drugs (Etomidate, Glucagon, Glucose, Ipratropium, Ketamine, Lorazepam) Flashcards

1
Q

Etomidate
Pharmacology & Actions

A
  • Sedative and Hypnotic
  • Depresses activity of brain stem reticular activating system
  • No analgesic properties
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Etomidate
Indications

A
  • Induction of anesthesia for Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Etomidate
Absolute Contraindications

A
  • Known Hypersensitivity
  • Etomidate Allergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Etomidate
Precautions & Side Effects

A
  • Not intended for prolonged infusion due to suppression of cortisol and aldosterone production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Etomidate
Aministration

A

Route: IV

Onset: 10-20 seconds

Peak Effect: < 1 min

Duration: 3-5 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Etomidate
Dosage

A

(For ages greater than or equal to 15 yo)

0.3mg/kg given as single push dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Glucagon

Pharmacology & Actions

A
  • Increase serum glucose by releases glycogen from liver
  • Glucagon will only work if there are glycogen stores in liver, will not work with malnourished pt
  • Counteracts effects of beta blocker or calcium channel blocker overdose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Glucagon

Indications

A
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Symptomatic bradycardia from beta blocker or calcium channel blocker overdose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Glucagon

Absolute Contraindications

A
  • Glucagon in not first line for treatment of hypoglycemia and should ONLY be used if unable to obtain IV access
  • Glucagon Allergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Glucagon

Precautions & Side Effects

A
  • May cause nausea and vomiting
  • Slower onset than IV dextrose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glucagon

Administration

A

Route: IM

Onset: 5-20 mins

Peak Effect: 30 mins

Duration: 1-2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Glucagon

Dose

A

Adult:

  • 1 mg IM/IN

Pediatric:

  • 0.5 mg IM/IN if < 20 kg or < 5 YO
  • 1 mg IM/IN if > 20 kg or > 5 YO
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Glucose

Pharmacology and Actions

A
  • Monosaccharide carbohydrate
  • After absorption in GI tract, glucose is distributed in the tissues and promptly increases circulating blood sugar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Glucose

Indications

A
  • Hypoglycemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glucose

Absolute Contraindications

A
  • Glucose Allergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glucose

Precautions & Side Effects

A
  • Altered LOC
  • Ascertain the pt’s ability to swallow oral glucose w/out airway compromise
  • Must be swallowed, not absorbed sublingually or buccally
17
Q

Glucose

Administration

A

Route: PO

Onset: 10 mins

Peak Effect: variable

Duration: variable

18
Q

Glucose

Dose

A

For Adults with glucose < 60 mg/dL:

  • 15-25g PO

For Pediatrics with glucose < 60 mg/dL (0-1 month < 40):

  • 0.5-1g/kg PO, max dose 25g
19
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Pharmacology & Actions

A
  • Antagonizes action of acetylcholine on bronchial smooth muscle in the lungs
  • Causes bronchodilation
20
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Indications

A
  • Bronchoconstriction
  • May be given with albuterol
21
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Absolute Contraindications

A
  • Allergy
22
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Precautions & Side Effects

A
  • Use with caution in pts w/ narrow angle glaucoma
    • Side effects may include palpitations, dizziness, anxiety, headache, eye pain, urinary retention
23
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Administration

A

Route: SVN

Onset: 5 - 15 mins

Peak Effect: 1.5 - 2 hours

Duration: 4 - 6 hours

24
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Dose

A

Adults & Pediatrics > 2 YO:

  • 0.5 mg nebulized with albuterol (may repeat 2x)
25
Q

Ketamine

Pharmacology & Actions

A
  • Non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist
  • Functions as dissociative, amnestic, analgesic and anesthetic agent
26
Q

Ketamine

Indications

A
  • Excited Delirium
  • Induction agent for intubation
  • Pain control
27
Q

Ketamine

Absolute Contraindications

A
  • Angina
  • CHF
  • Pregnancy
  • Allergy
28
Q

Ketamine

Precautions & Side Effects

A
  • Transient periods of apnea occur with rapid IV infusion
  • May cause laryngospasm, hypersalivation, increased airway secretions, emergence reactions and nystagmus
  • Use w/ caution in pts w/ schizophrenia
29
Q

Ketamine

Administration

A

Route: IV / IM

Onset: < 1 min / 3-4 min

Peak Effect: 30 secs - 5 min / 3-12 min

Duration: 10-45 min / 25-60 min

30
Q

Ketamine

Dose

A

RSI

  • 1.5 mg/kg push, max 150mg

Agitated or Violent Patient:

  • 4 mg/kg IM/IN max 250mg per admin (may repeat x1)

Pain Management:

  • 0.25 mg/kg max 25mg per push (max total 100mg)
31
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Pharmacology & Actions

A
  • Benzodiazepine that functions as a CNS depressant, anticonvulsant and sedative
32
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Indications

A
  • Seizures
  • Sedation
  • Agitation/excited delerium
  • Uncontrolled shivering in hypothermia
33
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Absolute Contraindications

A
  • Neurologic or respiratory depression
  • Acute angle glaucoma
  • Allergy
34
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Precautions & Side Effects

A
  • Respiratory depression and/or hypotension can occur, pt should be monitored closely
  • Most likely to produce respiratory depression in pt who took other depressants (alcohol and barbiturates) or when given rapidly
  • Elderly pt may have more profound respiratory and/or CNS depression, half dose should be administered
35
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Administration

A

Route: IV / IM

Onset: 1-2 min / 15-30 min

Peak Effect: <15 min / 2-3 hr

Duration: 6-8 hr / 6-8 hr

36
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Dose

A

Seizure:

  • A + P: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO, admin slowly over 2 mins (max single dose 4mg)

Agitation:

  • A: 2-4 mg IM (may repeat once after 15 min) 2 mg IV/IO (max 4mg). Max total dose 4mg
  • P: 0.05 mg/kg IV/IO, max 2mg IV and 4mg IM

Bradycardia:

  • A: 1 mg IV/IO every 5-10 min, max 4mg
  • P: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO every 10 min, max 4mg

Hyperthermia:

  • A: 1 mg IV/IO or 2 mg IM
  • P: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO/IM max dose 1 mg

RSI:

A > 15: 1-2 mg IV/IO, repeat every 5-10 min

Drug Profiles (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions