Week 10) drug use and addiction Flashcards
…. in …. people used an illicit drug at some point in 2013 (does not include alcohol or tobacco).
1 in 20
… in …. of those users are problem drug users
1 in 10
How many mill are problem drug users?
27-39 million (pop of canada)
….. of the problem drug users are injecting drug users (IDU’s)
half
…. mill ppl who use cannabis
…. million ecstasy (about the pop of australia).
183 mill cannabis
33 mill ecstasy (pop of australia)
….. drug related deaths in 2013. Cause?
187 000. Cause= overdose
Opiates make up …. % of overdoses
75
Non-fatal overdose in… - … % of opiate users
30-80%
….. million IDU’s are HIV+
1.7 mill
Which is why Harm Reduction is imp vs Abstinence
Around…… of IDU’s have Hepatitis C
half
Only 1 in …. have access to treatment.
Why?
1 in 6
- Remote Areas (biggest barrier to getting treatment!)
- bad Cultural attitudes to drug use and treatment
Whats the biggest barrier to getting treatment?
Living in remote area.
….% of Australians have used an illicit drug in past 12 months (above international average and increasing)
15.6%
What two ILLICIT drugs are most popular in australia?
Name them and their %.
- Cannabis most popular (10.2%).
* Cocaine is now second (2.5%)
Why is Meth now the most serious concern, even above alcohol and tobacco?
because now almost 60% of meth users are ICE
users (harder form of drug) instead of speed.
Is the misuse of pharmaceuticals increasing or decreasing? %?
are increasing (4.8%)
Methamphetamine* (1.4%), hallucinogens (1%) and synthetic cannabinoids (0.3%) all increasing in use.
True or false.
False. Decreasing in use in aust.
In aust, …. % drank alcohol and …… % had smoked tobacco in the past year
77.5% alcohol and 15% tobacco
….% of people drink alcohol daily and …..% smoked daily
6% drink alcohol daily
12% smoke daily
What age group is most likely to smoke daily?
ppl in their 40s e.g. paul
Ppl are taking up drugs earlier or later now?
later
ALCOHOL USE
- ….% exceeded “lifetime risk” levels
- …..% exceeded “single occasion risk” levels at least once a month
- ….. % exceeded “single occasion” and “lifetime” risk levels at least once a month
- 17 % exceeded “lifetime risk” levels
- 25% exceeded “single occasion risk” levels at least once a month
- 15% exceeded “single occasion” and “lifetime” risk levels at least once a month
In dsm 5, addiction involves the compulsive or uncontrolled use of a substance that leads to clinically significant impairment or distress over how long a period?
12 month period
All drugs of abuse reduce dopamine from the ….
nucleus accumbens
What in the brain is responsible for relapse
glutamate in prefrontal cortex
….% of rats will self-administer cocaine until death
90% (both cocaine and heroin very addictive).
Nicotine is a substance in tobacco that is a strong reinforcer for addiction. T or false?
false. not really. more social context shapes tobacco addiction.
….% males and ….% females comorbid anxiety or depressive disorders
66 males
45 females
What are four of heroin’s comorbidities?
Anti social Personality disrorder 75%
Borderline P Disorder 51%
PTSD 37%
Major depression 23 %
• Psychiatric Disorders up to…. times higher in drug abusers
10
delinquency factors arent directly linked to substance abuse
true. more complex.
Indigenous Australians have:
• Increased rates of tobacco (by …. times) and illicit drug use …..% vs …..%
2 x tobacco use
illicit drug use 25% vs 15%
LGBTI populations
• Up to …. times higher with drug use
7
females more likely to use drugs than males. f or true?
false
