Week 10 - Decision making and memory Flashcards
What is response selection?
Using important information from stimulus identification phase
Selecting appropriate response
What is response programming?
Involves organising the motor system responsible for producing the desired response
What is the comparator system?
Acts as a quality assurance check of the movement that has been chosen
What is the multi-model memory store?
Short term sensory store - <1 sec, large capacity
Short term memory - 1-60sec, limited and fragile storage
Long term memory - Infinite, large capacity
What is the short term sensory store?
Otherwise known as sensory memory
Lasts for very short period and is quickly replaced by new data
Divided into 5 memory types, one per sense
What is short term memory otherwise known as?
Otherwise known as working memory
What is short term memory?
Responsible for strategy selection, planning, monitoring task performance and coordinating the other two components
What is the phonological loop?
Responsible for manipulating and maintaining speech-based information within the working memory
What is the visuospatial sketchpad?
Responsible for the generation, manipulation and retention of visual images
What is long term memory?
The memory system that holds information and experiences, believed to be vast in capacity and unlimited duration
What are the long term memory types?
Declarative memory - the “facts” e.g. the amount of time in a game
Procedural memory - Memory of skills and procedures
What is decision making?
The process of making a choice from a set of options, with the consequences of that choice being crucial
Two types of decision making
Classical
Naturalistic
What is classical decision making?
Structured and formulaic process
Select preferred option
Errors are assumed to be down to not considering all the options
What is naturalistic decision making?
Study decision making in the natural environment
Doesn’t take into account alternative solutions
Uses memory and pattern recognition
What is attention bias?
Implicit cognitive bias defined as the tendency of emotionally dominant stimuli in one’s environment to preferably draw and hold attention
What is choice supportive bias?
Remembering our pervious choices better than they actually were
What is confirmation bias?
Only seeing stimuli that we have a preconceived idea about
What is expectation bias?
Bias towards things that we think will happen
What is gambler’s fallacy?
The idea that future events are determined by previous experiences
What is hindsight bias?
Tendency to see past events as being predictable
What can impact information processing?
Arousal/anxiety
Time constraints
Anticipation and reaction times
How does arousal and anxiety impact information processing?
Narrows perceptual abilities
More erratic eye movements
How to improve the stimulus response pathway?
With deliberate practice the stimulus response pathway becomes more developed
What is anticipation?
Using advance cues and info to coordinate the correct subsequent behaviour
What are the 3 types of anticipation?
Temporal anticipation
Spatial anticipation
Event anticipation
What is temporal anticipation?
Refers to the timing of an action or when something will occur
What is spatial anticipation?
Refers to where an individual thinks the action will occur
What is event anticipation?
The determination of what will happen
How do athletes use anticipation?
Pattern recognition
Cue utilisation
