Week 10 and 11 Flashcards
Intersectionality
We cannot assume that any one dimension of our identity, gender, class, or ethnicity can define our experiences, privilege or oppression
Just because a black, trans lady is refusing care. There might be policies that might help with one of her dimensions of identity but not the other.
Distinguish between sex and gender
Sex refers to the biological makeup (difficult to change)
Gender refers to social and cultural forces. Also associated with behaviour, appearance preferences and expectations. ( is more fluid)
Example: Xanthus is born a male, but Xanthus associates more strongly towards female
Differenciate hegemonic masculinity and hegemonic femininity
Masculinity is the typical assumption of a male in North America; strength, control and aggression
Femininity: associated with empathy, compassion and care
How is gender different from sexual orientation
Gender refers to the person itself and what they believes they are. Sexual orientation is what their sexual preferences are
Xanthus is a girl who likes boys
Conflict Theory and Gender
Gender inequality comes from struggling economically, politically and the lack of social power
Example: Xanthus here is a woman who has to cook and clean for the house, and therefore, she cannot work or can only work low-paying jobs
Functionalism and gender
Gender roles help separate men and women as the roles believe that women stay home to cook and clean and the males are sole breadwinners
Symbolic Interactionalism and gender
Most variations of men and women are cultural and learned. The media also plays a role in shaping gender identity
Example: Xanthus watched too much James Charles, and now he believes he wants to be a girl
Feminist Theory and Gender
Gender differences reflect variations in performance at work
Inequality is due to the patriarchal values of social institutions
Example: Xanthus now is a female, but she cannot work at the workplace because men want her to stay at home and watch the kids
What is the second shift?
The second shift refers to women who do unpaid housework, as well as paid work in formal sectors of the labour market
Example: Xanthus takes care of the kids and works a full-time job
Essentialism vs Social Constructionism
Essentialism: Are inherent, natural and biologically determined rather than culture or experience
Social Constructionism: gender differences that are socially constructed
Postfeminism
The belief that gender equality has been reached
Gender Performativity:
Gender and Sex socially constructed through repeating the norms of our gender to be seen as normal
Globalization
Is the process of increased interrelation among regions of the globe
Example: Arthur makes the design in Houston, but Ming is the one making it in China
Economic Globalization vs Social Globalization
Economic: Is the process of global economics through free flow of goods, services capital, and technology
Social: spread of ideas, values, norms, and practices across borders.
Differences: Economics is purely for profit whereas Social is driven by the desire of knowledge, justice and diversity
Neoliberalism
The state should avoid intervention to free markets because the market should uphold itself.
Glocalization
Considering both aspects of global and local matters.
Example: Crumbl (global) comes out with a new cookie line called the Vancouver Special (local)
Disembedding
the belief that culture, language and beliefs are travelling faster around the globe because of the internet
Global Stratification
When there is an even distribution of resources between countries
World system theory
When core nations create a product that is manufactured in peraphiary countries such as Egypt
Social Imagination
When societal forces connect with personal experiences.
Example: How is the economy affecting job opportunities? How are the amount jobs available affecting my ability to get one?
