Week 10 Flashcards
What is a vulnerable group according to the provided information?
Vulnerable groups are groups of people who are at risk of becoming marginalized, socially excluded, have limited opportunities for income, and suffer abuse, hardship, prejudice, and discrimination. Examples include people with disabilities, older people, ethnic minorities, the homeless, those living with mental illness, asylum seekers/refugees, children, and adolescents.
What makes vulnerable groups different from “non-vulnerable” groups?
Vulnerable groups often face increased risks of health inequalities due to underlying determinants of health such as socioeconomic status (SES), access to resources, discrimination, and limited opportunities. These factors can impact vulnerability within a group and contribute to disparities in health outcomes compared to “non-vulnerable” groups.
What behaviour change options should be considered when working with vulnerable groups?
When working with vulnerable groups, use everyday interactions to encourage positive changes in health and well-being. For instance, making every contact count (MECC) involves brief interventions on lifestyle topics like smoking, physical activity, weight, healthy eating, alcohol consumption, and mental health.”
What is MECC based on?
MECC, or Making Every Contact Count, is based on the principles of Motivational Interviewing (MI), which is a client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence.
What are the core skills used in MECC conversations?
When having MECC conversations, focus on identifying opportunities for healthy discussions. Use open discovery questions to explore barriers, priorities, and opportunities. Reflect on your practice, listen actively instead of providing information, and support SMART goal planning while directing individuals to relevant support services.”
What are the components of the OARS technique used in MECC conversations?
The OARS technique used in MECC conversations includes:
Open questions: To discover more and dig deeper.
Affirmation: Confirming an individual’s positive skills and characteristics.
Reflection: Repeating an individual’s statements using their words.
Summarizing: Recalling issues, especially the positives, to clarify and help prioritize.
What positive evidence supports Making Every Contact Count (MECC)?
A study followed 143 health and social care staff who received healthy conversation training, compared with a control group who received no training. Trained staff demonstrated significantly more evidence of key communication skills related to behavior change, including creating opportunities for a healthy conversation, using open discovery questions, and spending more time listening than giving information.
What challenges need to be addressed to make the MECC intervention successful?
Certainly! Here’s a simpler version: “When using MECC, you might face challenges like cultural barriers in the medical field, objections from staff groups and unions due to increased workload, and the risk of unintentionally offending clients with a perceived judgmental approach.” 😊
What examples of studies demonstrate the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) in vulnerable groups?
- Tse, Vong & Tang (2013) conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on motivational interviewing (MI) and exercise in older people with chronic pain (n=56). They found that MI and physical activity improved pain intensity, management, anxiety, happiness, and mobility levels compared to a control group.
- Frielink & Embregts (2013) conducted a qualitative study (n=26) in people with intellectual disabilities. They adapted MI by adjusting language and approach based on education levels, cognitive abilities, and desire to respond. These adaptations enhanced the trustworthiness and success of the approach.
What is the relationship between Motivational Interviewing (MI) and substance abuse treatment?
MI began as a method to address alcohol and substance abuse. Research indicates that MI enhances engagement with treatment management plans, including medications, behavioral therapies, and physical activity, particularly in populations traditionally difficult to engage with.
What considerations are important when working with individuals living with mental health conditions?
Individuals living with mental health conditions often have concurrent substance abuse issues. Before attempting behavior change interventions, it is essential to stabilize the client and address basic needs such as safety and income. Longer interventions and larger support teams may be necessary for success.
How can culturally adapted interventions enhance behavior change outcomes in ethnic minority groups?
Culturally adapted interventions, such as culturally adapted MI, have shown promise in improving behavior change outcomes in ethnic minority groups. Understanding cultural backgrounds, addressing biases, and implementing culturally salient interventions are essential for success.
What factors should be considered when working with refugee and migrant groups?
Refugee and migrant groups are diverse and require community-centered approaches. Prioritizing community needs, investing in language support and health literacy initiatives, and offering culturally sensitive and diverse interventions are crucial.
How can Motivational Interviewing (MI) be utilized to promote behavior change in children and adolescents?
MI can be effective in promoting behavior change in children and adolescents, particularly when involving family members. Tailoring interventions to consider external motivations, involving both children and family members, and recognizing the importance of short-term benefits are key strategies.
What are some factors to consider when working with adolescents regarding behavior change?
Factors to consider when working with adolescents include peer influence, increased autonomy, risk-taking behaviors, body image concerns, susceptibility to advertising, and the importance of habit-building for long-term behavior change.
