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Psych 2030 final > Week 10 > Flashcards

Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a personality disorder?

A

traits such as emotions or bahviour that result in emotional distress

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2
Q

T/F People with personality disorder always feel distress from their impairment

A

False- antisocial personality disorder is an example of someone who does not care about the results of their actions

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3
Q

What DSM used axis to categorize personality disorders?

A

DSM-IV-TR

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4
Q

What are the benefits to having a diagnostic model that is both categorical and dimensional?

A

retain more info about patients, more flexible, avoid decisions of classification

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5
Q

What is cluster A called

A

odd or eccentric

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6
Q

What is cluster B called

A

dramatic. emotional or erratic- elevated impulsivity

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7
Q

What is cluster B called

A

anxious or fearful

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8
Q

What disorders are in cluster A

A

paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

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9
Q

What disorders are in cluster B

A

antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

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10
Q

What disorders are in cluster C

A

avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive

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11
Q

What is the prevalence of personality disorders in the US

A

roughly 10%

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12
Q

T/F Low income countries have higher rates of personality disorder

A

False

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13
Q

What is paranoid personality disorder

A

unjustified suspicion of others

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14
Q

What is the best treatment for paranoid personality disorder

A

cognitive restructuring to change perceptions of mistrust

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15
Q

What is schizoid personality disorder

A

social detachment and limited expression of emotions

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16
Q

What neurotransmitter might be associated with schizoid PD and autism

A

dopamine

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17
Q

What is the best way to treat schizoid PD

A

building social skills through role playing with a therapist

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18
Q

what is schizotypal PD

A

lack of social relationships with cog and perceptual distortions- similar to schizophrenia

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19
Q

T/F people with schizotypal PD is increased when someone in the family has schizophrenia

A

True

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20
Q

How can you prevent schizophrenia from developing when someone shows signs of schizotypal PD

A

antipsychotic meds, CBT therapy, social skills training

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21
Q

What is antisocial personality disorder

A

disregard for rights of others

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22
Q

What is the difference between antisocial PD and psychopathy

A

emphasis on overt behaviour rather than personality traits for antisocial

23
Q

What distinguishes people with antisocial PD from getting in trouble with the law

A

IQ- lower have more trouble with law

24
Q

What is conduct disorder

A

disorder for people that violate social norms- can be child or adolescent onset and can be with remorse or not

25
Q

What are some cog differences found in psychopaths

A

executive functions and attention- maintain plans and inhibit irrelevant info

26
Q

What is the underarousal hypothesis for antisocial PD

A

low levels of cortical arousal- Yerkes-Dodson curve that suggests low or high levels of arousal show greater negative affect and poor performance compared to intermediate levels- thrill seeking activities give these people the same feeling that other people would get from normal activities like watching TV

27
Q

What is the cortical immature hypothesis for antisocial PD

A

suggests cortical region of the brain is underdeveloped in people with antisocial PD which accounts for impulsive and childlike behaviour but does not explain their ability to make elaborate plans

28
Q

What is the fearlessness hypothesis in antisocial PD

A

higher threshold for fear response- might have trouble associating cues with trouble and therefore do not have capacity for impulse control due to lack of strong cues to avert behaviour

29
Q

How does the neurotransmitter MAOA impact the development of antisocial behaviours when trauma is present

A

high levels of MAOA can break down other neurotransmitters to better handle stress and reduce consequences

30
Q

What trait was found in antisocial prisoners in the card task

A

failure to abandon an unattainable goal

31
Q

What is one social cause in childhood for antisocial PD

A

inconsistent parenting- child learns that they get what they want when they fight back and parents receive temporary peace when they let in

32
Q

What is one way to help prevent antisocial PD

A

parenting training when kids are young

33
Q

What is histrionic PD

A

excessive emotions and attention seeking

34
Q

What is borderline personality disorder

A

instability of relationships, self image, impulse control

35
Q

What part of the brain is associated with borderline personality disorder?

A

The limbic system- emotional regulation and control of serotonin

36
Q

What do morphing studies suggest about people with borderline PD

A

They report greater emotional intensity and fluctuations

37
Q

What disorder does borderline PD resemble

A

PTSD

38
Q

What form of CBT has shown some success in treating borderline PD

A

dialectical behaviour therapy where patients are taught to cope with stressors and other functions that they did not learn properly

39
Q

What subtype of borderline PD is suggested to not be helped with couples therapy

A

impulsive

40
Q

What is narcissistic PD

A

grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy

41
Q

What is avoidant PD

A

social inhibition, feeling inadequate, hypersensitive to criticism

42
Q

What is one difference between schizoid PD and avoidant PD

A

schizoid is a lack of interest in socialization and avoidant is anxiety and fear of rejection

43
Q

What is a behavioural inhibition and what group of PDs is it related to

A

heritable temperament of avoiding unfamiliar situations- found commonly in group C PD patients

44
Q

What is dependent PD

A

need to be taken care of and clinging behaviour with a fear of abandonment

45
Q

How do avoidant PD versus dependent PD patients react to their feelings of inadequacy and need for assurance

A

Avoidant people avoid relationships while dependent cling

46
Q

What personality orientation is most associated with dependent PD

A

sociotropy

47
Q

What is obsessive-compulsive PD

A

preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism

48
Q

Which psychosocial interventions are the most effective for ASD?

A

Ones that are systematic and focused on specific skill

49
Q

What are naturalistic teaching strategies

A

moving away from classroom settings and teaching in common social situations

50
Q

What is ID or IDD

A

Intellectual disability- below average intellectual functioning- conceptual, social and practical

51
Q

How does the AAIDD diagnosis of ID differ from the DSM

A

AAIDD focuses on the areas where the person needs assistance

52
Q

What are aminocentesis and chorionic villus sampling

A

tests during pregnancy that can predict Down Syndrome

53
Q

What are the symptoms of fragile X syndrome

A

short attention spans, gaze avoidance, repeating the same words

54
Q
A

Psych 2030 final (4 decks)

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