week 1 vocab

Question 1

the science that seeks to understand behavior and mental processes and to apply that understanding in the service of human welfare

Answer 1

psychology

Question 2

a field of psychology that focuses on peoples positive experiences and characteristics, such as happiness, optimism, and resilience

Answer 2

positive psychology

Question 3

psychologists whose research focuses on analysis of the mental processes underlying judgment, decision making, problem solving, imagining, and other aspects of human thought or cognition

Answer 3

cognitive psychologists

Question 4

psychologists who analyze the biological factors influencing behavior and mental processes

Answer 4

biological psychologists

Question 5

psychologists who focus on peoples unique characteristics

Answer 5

personality psychologists

Question 6

Psychologists who seek to understand, describe, and explore how behavior and mental processes change over the course of a lifetime.

Answer 6

developmental psychologists

Question 7

psychologists who develop statistical methods for evaluating and analyzing data from psychological research

Answer 7

quantitative psychologists

Question 8

psychologists who seek to assess, understand, modify, and prevent behavior disorders

Answer 8

clinical, counseling and community psychologists

Question 9

psychologists who study methods by which instructors teach and students learn and who apply their results to improve such methods

Answer 9

educational psychologists

Question 10

psychologists who test cognitive abilities, diagnose students academic problems, and set up programs to improve students achievement.

Answer 10

school psychologist

Question 11

psychologists who study how people influence ones another’s behavior and attitudes, especially in groups

Answer 11

social psychologists

Question 12

psychologists who examine factors that influence peoples performance in the workplace

Answer 12

industrial and organizational psychologists

Question 13

psychologists who study the effect of behavior on health and the impact of illness on savior and emotion

Answer 13

health psychologists

Question 14

psychologists whose research is aimed at maximizing athletic performance

Answer 14

sport psychologists

Question 15

Psychologists who study the relationship between peoples physical environment and their behavior

Answer 15

environmental Psychologists

Question 16

the view that knowledge comes from experience and observation

Answer 16

empiricism

Question 17

the awareness of external stimuli and our own mental activity

Answer 17

consciousness

Question 18

the view that behavior is the result of physical processes, especially those relating to the brain, to hormones and to other chemicals

Answer 18

biological approach

Question 19

a view that emphasizes the inherited adaptive aspects of behavior and mental processes

Answer 19

evolutionary approach

Question 20

a view developed by Freud that emphasizes unconscious mental processes in explaining human though, feelings and behavior

Answer 20

psychodynamic approach

Question 21

a view based on the assumption that human behavior is determined mainly by what a person has learned in life, especially through rewards and punishment

Answer 21

behavioral approach

Question 22

a view that emphasizes research on how the brain takes in information, creates perceptions, forms and retrieves memories, processes information, and generates integrated patterns of actions

Answer 22

cognitive approach

Question 23

a view of behavior as controlled by the decisions that people make about their lives based on their perception of the world

Answer 23

humanistic approach

Question 24

social identity and other background factors such as gender, ethnicity, social class and culture

Answer 24

sociocultural factors

Question 25

the accumulation of values, rules of behavior, forms of expression, religious beliefs and occupational choices for a group of people who share a common language and environment

Answer 25

culture

Question 26

(father of experimental psychology) focused on study of consciousness through introspection (looking inward)

Answer 26

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 27

rejected Wundt’s view of component parts and focused on the whole

Answer 27

Gestalt theory

Question 28

studied reactions to changes in sensory stimuli psychophysics

Answer 28

Gustav Fechner

Question 29

Defining the structure of consciousness

Answer 29

Edward Tichner

Question 30

Studied mental conflicts at the unconscious level psychoanalysis

Answer 30

Sigmund Freud

Question 31

the psychological concepts of persona, anima/animus, introvert/extrovert and dream interpretation were developed by this student of Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century

Answer 31

Carl Jung

Question 32

Developed theory of functionalism ; causal relationships between internal states and external behavior

Answer 32

William James

Question 33

operant conditioning based on reinforcement/non reinforcement behavior

Answer 33

B.F Skinner