Week 1: The Human Body

Question 1

All living things have certain common characteristics

Answer 1

• organization
• responsiveness
• growth and differentiation
• reproduction
• movement
• metabolism and excretion

Question 2

Anatomy is

Answer 2

The study of internal and external structures and the physical relationships among body parts.

Question 3

Physiology is

Answer 3

The study of how living organisms perform vital functions. All specific functions are performed by specific structures.

Question 4

Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 4

Established by the equipment used

Question 5

Histology

Answer 5

Examine tissues, groups of cells that have specific functional roles

Question 6

Tissues combine to form

Answer 6

Organs: anatomical unites with multiple functions

Question 7

Organs combine to form

Answer 7

Organ Systems: groups of organs that function together

Question 8

Gross Anatomy

Answer 8

Macroscopic Anatomy
-features that are visible without a microscope

Includes:
Surface Anatomy
Regional Anatomy
Systemic Anatomy

Question 9

Physiology can be approached:

Answer 9

cellular
organismal
systemic

Question 10

What are organelles?

Answer 10

Small structures within cells that perform specific functions

Question 11

What is a group of cells within a similar structure and function and their associated extracellular substances?

Answer 11

Tissue

Question 12

What are the 4 primary types of tissue?

Answer 12

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

Question 13

What are structures composed of two or more tissues that perform specific functions?

Answer 13

Organs

Question 14

What is the condition in which body functions, fluids, and other factors of the internal environment are maintained at levels suitable to support life?

Answer 14

Homeostasis

Question 15

What are the organ systems?

Answer 15

integumentary
skeletal
muscular
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
lymphatic
respiratory
digestive
urinary
reproductive

Question 16

Autoregulation occurs when?

Answer 16

The activities of a cell, tissue, organ, or organ system change automatically in response to an environmental changes

Question 17

What is it when a stimulus produces a response that exaggerates the stimulus?

Answer 17

Positive feedback loop

Question 18

The four reference systems are ____,____,_____, and______

Answer 18

Directions
Planes
Cavities
Structural

Question 19

The upper structures are considered to be____, and a lower structure is _______.

Answer 19

Superior

Inferior

Question 20

An alternate term for anterior is _______,

Answer 20

Ventral

Question 21

An alternate term for dorsal is

Answer 21

Posterior

Question 22

Toward the head

Answer 22

Superior/Cranial/Cephallic

Question 23

Nearest the Origin

Answer 23

Proximal

Question 24

The opposite of the nearest point of attachment is

Answer 24

Distal

Question 25

The plane parallel to the medain is the ____ plane

Answer 25

Sagittal

Question 26

Dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

Answer 26

Transverse/Horizontal

Question 27

Anterior and posterior portions are divided by the

Answer 27

Frontal/Coronal

Question 28

The organs of any cavity are referred as

Answer 28

Visceral

Question 29

The dorsal cavity is divided into the

Answer 29

Cranial and Spinal cavity

Question 30

Between the pleural cavities is the

Answer 30

Mediastinum

Question 31

The lining of the abdominal wall is the

Answer 31

Parietal Paritoneum

Question 32

______ is the liquid portion of a cell

Answer 32

Protoplasm

Question 33

Occasionally, _________ is synonymous with inferior

Answer 33

Caudal

Question 34

Blood flows in one direction through the heart because the heart has valves that prevent backflow. This phenomenon exemplifies __________.

Answer 34

The principle of complementarity of structure and function

Question 35

What represents the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive?

Answer 35

organismal level

Question 36

The human body as a whole is enclosed and protected by the integumentary system. This is an example of a necessary life function. Select the correct function from the list below.

Answer 36

maintaining boundaries

Question 37

What is an example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Answer 37

Blood clotting

Question 38

A serosa, or serous membrane, can be found within what body cavity?

Answer 38

The ventral body cavity

Question 39

The cranial cavity is part of __________.

Answer 39

the dorsal body cavity

Question 40

Approximately what percentage of the air we breathe is made of oxygen?

Answer 40

20%

Question 41

``` The anatomy of a body part is intimately tied to its specific function. Scientists call this the principle of: a) Homeostasis b) Negative feedback c) Complementarity d) Positive feedback ```

Answer 41

Complementarity

Question 42

Which of the following is a logical organization? a) Atoms, tissues, cells, molecules b) Atoms, cells, molecules, tissues c) Molecules, atoms, cells, tissues d) Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues

Answer 42

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues

Question 43

One survival need of humans is appropriate atmospheric pressure. At high altitudes where atmospheric pressure is lower, you might expect that oxygen acquisition would:

Answer 43

Decrease

Question 44

The term ___________ serosa refers to internal organs, while the term ____________serosa refers to body cavity walls.

Answer 44

visceral, parietal

Question 45

Which single abdominopelvic region/quadrant is the bladder located in?

Answer 45

Hypogastric region

Question 46

The three main components of all cells include the plasma membrane, the nucleus, and the:

Answer 46

Cytoplasm