WEEK 1 SUMMARY; HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTION Flashcards

1
Q

Define health

A

A state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

Why do we need to understand health models?

A

They help us understand why people choose their health behaviors they choose. Also help us understand the values, beliefs, and attitudes toward health.

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3
Q

What are the different health models?

A
  • health belief model
  • health promotion model
  • holistic health model
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4
Q

What are the main characteristics of the health belief model?

A
  • motivated by perception and beliefs
  • perception of susceptibility to an illness
  • perception about the seriousness of the illness
  • the probability that the person will act to prevent avoidable health risk and take preventative action
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5
Q

What is self efficacy ?

A

Believing in ourselves that we can do something

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6
Q

How can a nurse promote self efficacy with a client ?

A

It is important that if we believe we can do something it is more likely we will do it

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7
Q

What are the main characteristics of the health Promotion model?

A
  • motivation for health behavior is prior health promotion and the desire to stay healthy
  • Individual characteristics: prior related behavior and personal factors
  • behavior specific: perception of benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, and influences
  • behavior outcomes: commitment to health promotion activities
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8
Q

What are the main characteristics of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A
  • health behaviors are motivated by unmet needs
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9
Q

What are the highest priorities to address with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A

priorities are meeting basic needs such as physical needs and safety security

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10
Q

What are the main characteristics of the holistic health model?

A
  • motivation for health behaviors is the synergistic use of a variety of different health practices to prevent illness
  • focus on the connection of the body and mind, body and environment, use of health remedies, and complementary interventions, and being an active participant in the health process
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11
Q

How do you define wellness ?

A

The process of self-care and making choices leading to a healthy life

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12
Q

How can nurses help reduce the risk for disease and promote health?

A
  • reducing, quitting smoking
  • starting to exercise
  • changing diet
  • seeking activities that promote health
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13
Q

When a patient has risk factors for a certain disease, in how many years the have a risk for developing the disease?

A

If the patient has risk factors for a certain disease, they are at an increase for a certain disease, they are at an increased risk to develop the disease in 10 years

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14
Q

What are the three levels of prevention?

A
  • primary
  • secondary
  • tertiary
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15
Q

What is primary prevention?

A
  • Preventing disease
  • modifying factors BEFORE the disease
    -Activities: lifestyle changed, nutrition, exercise, and immunization
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16
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A
  • SCREENING for possible disease, early diagnosis and treatment
    Activities: PPD testing, colonoscopy, mammogram
17
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A
  • TREATMENT and rehab AFTER disease
  • Activities: disease management and rehab, support groups
18
Q

What roles can nurses take on to promote health?

A
  • Model: healthy lifestyles habits
  • Educator: teaching clients
  • Advocate: promoting changes in community
  • caretaker: continuous assessment, including the client and their preferences for a healthy lifestyle
19
Q

What are modifiable factors influencing health and wellness?

A
  • lifestyle
  • environment
  • beliefs
  • attitudes
  • influence of peers
  • family
  • health care access
20
Q

What are non modifiable factors influencing health and wellness?

A
  • age
  • gender
  • genetics
  • developmental level
21
Q

What is acute illness?

A

short duration less than 6 months, develops quickly, affects bodily function immediately. Think fast and quick

22
Q

What is chronic illness?

A

longer duration more than 6 months, develops slowly, may not affect bodily function immediately, irreversible, remission: period of wellness, exacerbation: condition worsen. Think long and drags on,

23
Q

What are the stages of illness?

A

Stage 1: symptoms
Stage 2: sick role
Stage 3; seeking medical advice
Stage 4: dependent role
Stage 5: recovery

24
Q

What is stage 1 of illness?

A

Symptoms, the patient recognizes something is wrong

25
Q

What is stage 2 of illness

A

Sick role; assumes the sick role, excused from everyday obligation; may accept or reject necessity of this roles

26
Q

What is stage 3 of illness

A

Seeking medical advice: sick role is legitimized; patients seek medical advice may or may not accept diagnosis that leads to accepting or refusing care

27
Q

What is stage 4 of illness?

A

Dependent role: patients undergo treatment: patient feels dependent on others an often not sure about what to do and what is best; patients often ask nurse for feedback

28
Q

What is stage 5 of illness?

A

Recovery: patient abandons the sick roles; some people are not willing to let the sick role go because of the attention they are getting and secondary gains

29
Q

What are some of the things the nurse can do to determine why the patient is not compliant?

A
  • Find out WHY: do they have their basic needs met to be able to follow the recommendations: shelter, food, water, work, money
  • Find out why they are not caring for themselves
  • Allow client as much freedom as possible in decision making