Week 1-SUBCELLULAR STRUCTURES OF FUNGI Flashcards
SUBCELLULAR STRUCTURES OF FUNGI
CAPSULE
Structure:_______
Function:______
Example: _______ (encapsulated yeast)
Polysaccharide
Anti-phagocytic factor
Cryptococcus neoformans
CELL WALL
• Structure: Multilayered structure composed of:
a. Polysaccharides
b. Proteins and Glycoproteins
Cell Wall
• Poorly degraded by the host, making it resistant to immune attacks.
• Activates complement fixation, triggering an inflammatory response.
• Can induce immune hypersensitivity (allergic reactions).
Polysaccharides
Antigenic part of fungi
Cell wall
• Functions: Provides shape, rigidity & strength, protection from osmotic shock, mediates attachment to host cells
CELL WALL
Polymer
Chitin
Monomer??
N-acetyl glucosamine
Polymer
Chitosan
Monomer??
D-Glucosamine
Polymer
Cellulose
α-Glucan
β-Glucan
Momomer???
D-Glucose
Polymer
Mannan
Monomer???
D-Mannose
CELLULAR MEMBRANE
Bilayered Structure:
- Phospholipids
- Sterols
CELLULAR MEMBRANE
- Phospholipids
- Sterols
• phosphatidylcholine
• phosphatidylethanolamine
• ergosterol (target site of amphotericin B, azole, polyenes)
• zymosterol
Functions:
• Protects cytoplasm
• Regulates intake & secretion of solutes
• Facilitates capsule & cell wall synthesis
CELLULAR MEMBRANE
CYTOPLASM
Nucleus
nuclear membrane
nucleolus
ER
mitochondria
vacuoles
