Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bio 7 > week 1, speciation and the firsts > Flashcards

week 1, speciation and the firsts Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the process by which one species splits into one or more species?

A

speciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which concept is a group of populations that can be interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring?

A

biological species concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

this concept characterizes species by body shape or other structural features

A

morphological species concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

this concept characterizes species by how it interacts with the environment

A

ecological species concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which concept characterizes species as the smallest group that shared a common ancestor?

A

phylogenetic species concept

“phylo” meaning “race” “tribe” “kind”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

barriers that prevent gene flow between two species

A

reproductive isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

different types of prezygotic barriers

A

habitat isolation, temporal isolation, behavioral isolation, mechanical isolation, gametic isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

types of post zygotic barriers

A

hybrid (offspring from interspecies mating), hybrid inviability (hybrid zygote fails to develop), hybrid infertility (hybrid is born but sterile), hybrid breakdown (first gen is viable but the next aren’t)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

separation that occurs when a population is geographically divided

A

allopatric speciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sympatric speciation is…

A

when genetic factors enable a sub population to exploit a habitat not used by the parent population (habitat differentiation) OR mate choice as reproductive barrier keeping the gene pool separate (sexual selection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

phylogeny is…

A

the evolutionary history of a species or group of species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the discipline of classifying organisms AND determining evolutionary relationships?

A

systematics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the discipline of classifying organisms AND naming organisms?

A

taxonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the two-part scientific latin name created in the 18th century by Carolus Linnaeus?

A

binomial nomenclature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hierarchical classification consists of how many classes?

A

8
“dear king philip came over for good sex”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

“single tribe” ancestral species and all the descendants

A

monopyletic

“mono” meaning “one or single”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

“beside the tribe” ancestral species and some but all descendants

A

paraphyletic

“para” meaning “onside”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

“many tribes” grouping with many different ancestors

A

polyphyletic

“poly” meaning “more than one”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

phenotypic and genetic similarities due to shared common ancestor

A

homology (line connecting 2 on maximum parsimony chart)

20
Q

convergent evolution producing similar adaptations that evolved independently

A

analogy (single lines for one on maximum parsimony chart)

21
Q

ancestral trait shared between taxa

A

plesiomorphy

22
Q

derived homologous that unique to later taxon or clade

A

apomorphy

23
Q

analogous trait that evolved separately

A

homoplasy

24
Q

what are the 3 domains?

A

archaea, bacteria, eukarya

25
Q

what are the 5 kingdoms?

A

monera (prokaryotes), protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

26
Q

earth and moon are formed in which eon?

A

hadeon

27
Q

this eon had the first prokaryotes and first cyanobacteria

A

archean (ended with mass extinction)

28
Q

this eon had the first eukaryotes which also started the ediacarcan period… (diversification of algae and soft bodies invertebrate animals)

A

proterozoic

29
Q

this came after the proterozioc eon and was an important time for animal phyla

A

phanerozoic

30
Q

this era introduced the first dinosaurs

A

mesozoic

31
Q

what period did the first dinosaurs appear?

A

triassic period

32
Q

what period did dinosaurs become dominant?

A

jurassic

33
Q

what is the most recent era?

A

cenozoic

34
Q

what period did the first primates appear?

A

paleogene

35
Q

which period did the first hominidae and bipedal human ancestor appear?

A

neogene

36
Q

what period was the ice age?

A

quaternary

37
Q

current epoch (modern history)

A

haloscene

38
Q

unofficial human impaction era

A

anthropone

39
Q

what is the domain for humans?

A

eukaryo

40
Q

what kingdom do humans belong to?

A

animalia

41
Q

what phylum do humans belong to?

A

chordata (we have a spine)

42
Q

what class are we?

A

mammalia

43
Q

what order are humans?

A

primata

44
Q

what family are we?

A

hominidae

45
Q

what is our genus?

A

homo

46
Q

what is our species?

A

sapiens

bio 7 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions