WEEK 1 PRELIMS

Question 1

The area of biology which is concerned with the phenomenon
of dependence of one living organism on another.

Answer 1

PARASITOLOGY

Question 2

Organism that supports or harbors a parasite.

Answer 2

HOST

Question 3

Capable of transmitting the organism from one
place to another.

Answer 3

VECTOR

Question 4

Number of new infections in a population in a given
period.

Answer 4

INCIDENCE

Question 5

• Totally dependent on another organism for survival and
  reproduction.
• Without that particular organism, the parasites could die.

what type of parasites

Answer 5

obligate parasites

Question 6

• Also known as paratenic hosts
• Responsible for transferring a parasite from one location to
  another.

Answer 6

transport host

Question 7

• Parasite harboring host that is not exhibiting any clinical
  symptoms but can infect others.

Answer 7

carrier

Question 8

________ HOST
* Harboring parasites that are parasitic for humans and form
which humans may become infected.

Answer 8

RESERVOIR

Question 9

_________ HOST
* In which the adult sexual phase of parasite development
occurs
* harbors the fully mature, or adult parasite

Answer 9

DEFINITIVE

Question 10

_________ HOST
* In which the larval asexual phase of parasite development
occurs
* Harbors the immature or larval forms of the parasite.

Answer 10

INTERMEDIATE

Question 11

_______________PARASITES
* Also known as an “opportunist/opportunistic”
* Assume either a free-living state or a parasitic state.

Answer 11

FACULTATIVE

Question 12

_________PARASITES
* Totally dependent on another organism for survival and
reproduction.

Answer 12

INCIDENTAL

Question 13

_________PARASITES
* Free-living organisms in nature that are parasitic to others but
not in humans.

Answer 13

SPURIOUS

Question 14

_________ VECTOR
* The parasite is seen inside the body of this organism and the
parasite needs this organism for its development.
* Ex. Mosquitoes and tsetse flies

Answer 14

BIOLOGICAL

Question 15

Close association of two organisms, whereby a give and take relationship
exists in ??

Answer 15

symbiosis ( same species)

Question 16

A relationship that is beneficial to both organism is called

Answer 16

mutualism (2 different species)

Question 17

If one organism derives benefits without reciprocating and/or
harming the other organism is called

Answer 17

commensalism (2 different ORGANISMS)

Question 18

Association of two different species of organisms that is
beneficial to one at the other’s expense.

Answer 18

parasitism

Question 19

• Parasite living outside the body of the host
• Will not penetrate into the tissues
• Living on the surface of the skin
• Infestation

Answer 19

ectoparasite *OUTSIDE

Question 20

• Parasite living inside the body of the host
• Living within the body of the host (infection)
• Usually these are responsible to cause human infections

Answer 20

ENDOPARASITE *inside

Question 21

Lives I organic substances in state of decomposition

Answer 21

saprophytes

Question 21

The act or process of inoculation

Answer 21

exposure

Question 21

The time from the entry of the organisms until
they may be recovered in body fluids, tissues,
or excretions without any manifestation yet.

Answer 21

pre-patent period

Question 22

• When an individual harboring a parasite is reinfected with the
  same species of parasite.
• Two organisms but same species

Answer 22

superinfection

Question 22

The time of entry of a disease-causing organism into the body of the host until the earliest sign or symptom of the infection appear.

Answer 22

clinical incubation period

Question 23

* When the infected person is his own direct source of reexposure.

Answer 23

AUTOINFECTION

Question 24

Person-to-person transfer is a common mode of transmission of infectious agents is called

Answer 24

horizontal transmission

Question 25

________ INFECTIONS * Parasites that originated from animal

Answer 25

ZOONOTIC

Question 26

Infections with parasites may be treated with ____________, through surgical intervention or a combination of both.

Answer 26

chemotherapy

Question 27

* Unicellular * Can perform life processes using their organelles

Answer 27

PROTOZOA

Question 28

* Multicellular * Have organ systems that perform complex processes of life.

Answer 28

METAZOA

Question 29

Stool samples suspected to contain trophozoites must be examined within __________ after collection

Answer 29

30 minutes

Question 30

* Formation of cyst from trophozoite

Answer 30

ENCYSTATION

Question 31

There is multiplication of the nucleus in the cyst form thus resulting to numerous daughter organisms when the parasite later transforms into the trophozoite stage.

Answer 31

REPRODUCTIVE ENCYSTATIONS

Question 32

* The process of producing trophozoites from cyst.

Answer 32

EXCYSTATION

Question 33

Excystation happens in the ??

Answer 33

small intestine

Question 34

An aggregate mass of granules, inside the nucleus, is the?

Answer 34

karyosome

Question 35

_________ nucleus is seen in Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli, and Endolimax nana.

Answer 35

Vesicular

Question 36

The macronucleus of Balantidium coli is an example of what nucleus?

Answer 36

compact nucleus

Question 37

the interior of the cell where organelles are found.

Answer 37

cytoplasm

Question 38

▪ Densely granular part containing nucleus, stored food, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, microsomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. what portion of the cytoplasm?

Answer 38

Endoplasm

Question 39

Less granular and more homogenous part of the cytoplasm that envelops the endoplasm.

Answer 39

ectoplasm

Question 40

Semi-permeable limiting boundary of the trophozoite that controls in-take and output of nutrients, secretion, and excretion, and maintains the normal concentration of the plasma substance.

Answer 40

plasma membrane

Question 41

Some protozoa have a specialized “cell mouth” called??

Answer 41

cytostome

Question 42

Ciliophora have numerous short, thread-like structures called?

Answer 42

cilia

Question 43

type of encystations that has no significant morphologic change after encystation

Answer 43

protective encystation

Question 44

a single image seen by the left and right eye at the same time

Answer 44

convergent image

Question 45

used to compensate for the difference in eyesight between the eyes

Answer 45

diopter adjustment

Question 46

the most common specimen examined in the section of parasitology

Answer 46

FECES OR STOOL

Question 47

the most common procedure done in parasitology laboratories

Answer 47

DIRECT FECAL SMEAR

Question 48

by-products of eosinophil disintegration, which often seen in intestinal parasitism that attracts eosinophils, such as hookworm infection and amoebiasis.

Answer 48

CHARCOT-LEYDEN CRYSTALS

Question 49

plenty of meat fibers in stool

Answer 49

CREATORRHEA

Question 50

a common crystal found in the urine

Answer 50

CaC2O4 (calcium oxalate)