Week 1 power points Flashcards
Intimate partner violence-statistics
Intimate partner violence can happen to women and men. It can happen at any age and it crosses all economic, educational and racial lines. 1-6 women have been abused.
Pregnant women are at a higher risk for abuse especially if the pregnancy is unplanned.
The CDC reports 1 in 10 men. Other research shows 1-3 women and 1 in 4 men have experienced some form of physical violence by an intimate partner. The statistics vary widely and may be widely underreported. Whatever the true number is it is clearly a widespread unacceptable problem.
IPV is more common than
Gestational diabetes
Preeclampsia
IPV is associated with
Increased use of health care services
Patients present with multiple vague symptoms.
frequent sore throats, bruises, in unusual places. Poor weight gain. Depression and anxiety Increased rate of ETOH use, smoking, and substance abuse
Physical abuse
Neck and face most common areas
Sexual abuse
Any forcing of sexual attention is abuse -no means no!
Psychological
coercion, threats, stalking. Verbal insults.
Social abuse
isolates the partner, limits the victims activities. Not allowed to have a job, go to school
Economic abuse
Limited and or no access to funds
Abuse is always about Power and control–Various ways abuser c an gain control of the victim
Coercion and threats Intimidation Emotional abuse Isolation Minimizing denying blaming Using children and pets Using privilege Economic abuse
Phases of violence
Tension building Violence
Honeymoon
These are the common stages of abuse. The tension grows, it results in violence, and is often followed by apologies and promises never to do it again. However, the violence usually occurs again and increases in severity.
Prenatal IPV screening
Are you safe at home?
Have you been hit, slapped, kicked or hurt by someone?
Have any of these things occurred since you have become pregnant?
In the last year have you been sexually abused?
Have you ever been sexually abused?
Nurses spend a lot of time with the patient and play an important role in identifying the patient.
This slide identifies IPV screening questions.
It is important to know if patients have experienced sexual abuse in their past because it can impact their anxiety and pain during labor and during routine exams.
ABCD and S of IPV
A- tell her she is not alone, and help is available.
B-believe. Reassure her that you believe the story. Do not minimize even if the patient does.
C- Confidential. The conversation will remain confidential. Unless she discloses that minor children are being abused.
D-Document exactly what she says. If she has bruises or is injured in any way get permission to take pictures.
S- Safety. Remember the most dangerous time is when she leaves.
When documenting it is essential to document in quotes exactly what she has told you.
Listen carefully to her and document exactly what she says. This case may go to court and your notes are legal evidence.
Nursing Interventions
Some things we can say to patients.
“It’s not your fault”
“You don’t deserve to be abused”
Counsel the victim to have an escape or safety plan.
Don’t hide in an enclosed area where there is no means of escape
•“Do you have somewhere to go or a plan for escape if you need it?”
Pack a bag with clothes and some provisions ,if you feel safe to do so.
Use care when giving patients written materials as this could trigger violence if the abuser sees it.
We can’t make someone leave an abusive situation, but we can educate and assist with getting the victim to acknowledge they don’t deserve what is happening.
Acknowledging the victim’s innocence and reassuring them that it is not their fault can have a big impact.
Discussing an escape plan with the patient is important. Make sure she thinks about ways she can flee the scene. Try not to be cornered by your abuser.
Preventing IPV requires change at all levels
Individual- Learn and model, attitudes and behaviors , Valuing healthy respectful non violent relationships
Relationship-
Give people skills to solve conflicts manage emotions and respect a partners right to autonomy
Encourage witnesses to intervene if a conflict escalates between dating partners or spouses
Community-
Implement bystander prevention strategies that are evidence based
Partner with groups across sectors to foster relationships that are healthy , safe and non violent.
Societal-
Create and promote policies supporting positive relationships and healthy sexuality
Enforce laws protecting respectful non violent relationships.
