Week 1 Neuro Fundamentals of the Nervous System Flashcards
What are the names for these parts of a neuron?
What are the two types of cells that form myelin in the CNS and PNS respectively?
What are the five glia?
Functions of microglia?
Phagocytosis of damaged cells
Comunication with astrocytes to coodininate response
Regulation of development of other CNS cells
Synaptic pruning
What neurological disease is ascociated with dissfunctional microglia?
Schizophrenia
3 Functions of astrocytes
Roll of ependymal cells
Production, circulation and reabsorption of CSF
What might you be looking for in a lumber puncture that indicates MS?
Signs of inflamation in the CSF sample due to de-myelination
Describe the structure of the blood brain barrier
What are three function of the blood-brain barrier?
To let in nutrients
To let in lipophilic chemicals
To prent the entry of environmental toxins
What is the resting potential?
-70mV
What is the threshold potential?
-55mV
What happens when the sodium channels open?
Depolarisation
What happens when the potassium channels open?
Repolarisation
What is saltatory conduction?
This is the effect where signals are propagated by jumping to each node of ranvier through myelination.
Myelin is insulateing therefore a change in current is felt further down and without every single cell having to depolarise
When myelinating why bother with nodes of ranvier at all? Why not insulate the whole thing?
Because shwann cells likely also play a role in regulation
Describe the process of chemical transmission at a synapse thinking of vesticles etc.
How would an ion channel with receptors for an inhibitory neurotransmitter affect the membrane potential in the postsynaptic dendrite?
It would make the membrane potential more negative
How would an ion channel with receptors for an excitatory neurotransmitter affect the membrane potential in the postsynaptic dendrite?
It would make the membrane potential more positive
