Revision: Semester 1 Pharmacology Flashcards
Aciclovir
Antiviral used for chicken pox, shingles and herpes.
IV would be used for encephalitis
Thiamine
B1
Would give to someone with a B1 deficiency or B1 deficiency due to alcoholism
Sertraline
Antipressant and also used to treat anxiety.
Is an SSRI
Naloxone
Opioid overdose
Amitryptaline
Neuropathic pain
Anti-depressant (but sertraline used more and more selective)
Flumazenil
Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist typically used in overdose emergencies.
Clomiphene citrate
Used to treat infertility in those with PCOS.
Sometimes called an anti-oestrogen though it acts like oestrogen.
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which competes with oestrogen in the hypothalamus preventing the inhibitory effect and stimulating the release of gonadotrophs eventually causing ovulation.
Letrozole
Lowers oestrogen as an aromatase inhibitor.
Used to increase FSH and LH.
And for oestrogen dependent cancers
Carbimazole
Used to treat hyperthyroidism.
Acts to reduce T4 and T3 production by inhibiting iodine uptake by the thyroid.
Donepezil
Used for treatment of alzheimer’s.
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
Propanolol
Beta blocker
This semester can be used in treatment of hyperthyroidism for palpitations
Treatment for essential tremor
Preventative of migraine
Pizotifen
Antihistamine with serotonin antagonist properties
Can be used as a preventative for migraine particularly if propanolol is contraindicated e.g. asthma
Lamotrigine
First line treatment for epilepsy
Pyridostigmine
Used to treat myasthenia gravis.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Levadopa
Dopamine precurser
Used to treat parkinson’s
Selegiline and Rasagiline
MAO-Bi
Inhibits the ezmye that breaks down dopamine (and plays a minor role in breaking down seritonin)
Used for parkinson’s
Hint: gis-a-line pal - they make drugs would better
Entacapone and Opicapone
COMT inhibitors
Prevent the breakdown of dopamine precursers like levadopa and increase their effectiveness
Treats parkinsons but only in combination with levadopa
Hint: Al capone like comte cheese
Amantadine
Encourages dopamine release in parkinsons
Blocks NMDA receptors and can be used as an analgesic
Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine
Acetyl-choline esterase inhibitors for alzheimers
Sumatriptan
A triptan commonly used as acute treatment for migraines after aspirin/NSAIDs fail.
Alteplase
Thrombolysis drug
Clopidogrel
Given as long term treatment post-ischemic stroke and it the prefered drug unless a person has AF in which case DOACs
Nimodipine
CCB
Used in post sub arachnoid haemorrhage treatment to prevent secondary vasospasm
Fludrocortisone
Synthetic mineralocorticoid
Treatment for addison’s
Phenoxybenzamine or Doxazosin
Alpha blockers - first line of treatment in pheochromacytoma before beta blockers.
Propythiouracil
Second line anti-thyroid if carbimazole doesn’t work.
Particularly pre surgery
Octreotide
Samatostatin analogue.
Used to treat acromegaly
Riluzole
The only disease modifying treatment for ALS
Slows progression and increase life expectancy by 3 months
Carbidopa
Dopa decarboxilase inhibitor.
Should administer alongside levadopa to prevent the precursor from being broken down in the peripheries before crossing the blood brain barrier
