Week 1- mental health promotion/ therapeutic communication Flashcards
Mental health
definition
state of well-being where every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with stresses, can work productively, and is able to contribute to community
healthy
mental health continuum model
- normal fluctuations in mood
- good sense of humour
- consistent performance
- active
- confident
- drink in moderation
nurture support systems
Reacting
mental health continuum model
- nervousness/irritability
- sad/overwhelemed
- procrastination
- forgetful
- trouble sleeping
- low energy
- regular drinking
recognize limits, take breaks, identify problems early
Injured
mental health continuum model
- anxiety and anger
- pervasive sadness
- hopelessness
- negative attitude
- difficulty concentrating
- issues with decision making
- restless
tune into own signs of distress, make self care priority
ill
mental health continuum model
- excessive anxiety
- panic attacks
- easily angered/depressed mood
- cannot concentrate
- cannot fall asleep/stay asleep
- constant fatigue
- SI
seek professional care
mental illness
characterized by
climically significant disturbance in an individuals cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior
- usually associated with distress or impairment in areas of functioning
medical term for mental illness/diagnosable health condition
DSM-5
men
higher rate of…
substance use disorders
women
higher rates of…
mood and anxiety disorders
most common onset for mental disorders
age
15-24
care access is affected by
- stigma
- normal developmental characteristics
- availability of qualified treatment providers
biological cause of mental illness
chemical/neuroanatomical alterations in the brain
psychological cause of mental illness
coping styles, cognition, behaviors, self-esteem
social cause of mental illness
stressors or conditions
relationships, finances, discrimination, trauma
spiritual cause of mental illness
existential connection to world, meaning, purpose
social AND psychological cause of mental illness
where they overlap
family relationships and trauma
social AND biological cause of mental illness
where they overlap
drug effects
biological AND psychological cause of mental illness
where they overlap
tempermant, IQ
cultural competence
emphasizes role of practitioner and is defined by their knowledge and measures success based on that knowledge
at risk of professionals stereotyping
cultural safety
emphasizes transfer of power to the patient and defined in terms of patients feeling of safety and reduces emphasis on the professionals knowledge
cultural humility
professional does not assume their norms are the “correct” ones
consequences of treatment gap
increased morbidity and mortality, cyclical effects in families, stigma increased, increased use of prisons as management, challenges with chronicity and relapse
reasons for stigma about mental health
fear/lack of understanding, not visible compared to physical, media, personal attitudes
stopping stigma
awareness of language, focus on positive, ask questions, reflect, speak out
DSM-5
main authroity for psychiatric diagnoses; provides common language for clinicians
DSM-5 components
symptomology, duration
prevention
mental health promotion
universal, selective (at risk), indicated (high risk)
treatment
mental health promotion
illness identification, early treatment, standard treatment
continuing care
mental health promotion
self management, relapse treatment, rehabilitation
population mental wellness
human rights based approach to action on the social determinants of health
intervene across the life course and both downstream and upstream
socio-ecological approach
mental wellness
less focus on identifying risk factors and more so on increasing protective factors
multisystem process, moving past individual resiliene
protective factors for childhood
life course approach
- positive parenting
- family cohesion
- positive interactions
- supportive relationships
protective factors for adolesence
life course approach
- coping skills related to chane
- positive peer relationships
- positive mental health
protective factors for adulthood
life course approach
- social support and positive social networks
- employment or meaningful occupation
- positive physical health
- acceptable financial state
protective factors for elders
life course approach
- positive coping skills/social support
- meaningful activities
- positive attitude towards health
competency enhancement approach
enhance strengths, resilience, competence, life skills, and enabling self efficacy; when individuals become more capable well-being improves
enhance potential rather than reduce mental health problems
individual level
mental health literacy
understanding of how to obtain positive mental health, mental disorders and their treatment, decreasing stigma
transference
carryover of feelings from past relationships into client/therapist relationship
counter transference
therapists strong emotional reactiomns to the client
techniques for psychosis/delusions
present reality/voice doubt
techniques for hallucinations
validate and move to distraction
techniques for depression
move in small steps, ask/tell/suggest
techniques for bipolar disorder
open ended vs. close ended questions
cortex
concrete and reflective cognition
limbic
reward and emotion regulation
- alert
cerebellum
motor, appetite, sleep
- alarm
brainstem
vital signs
- fear
emotional regulation
the more stress that occurs, a person with poor coping skills will go more quickly to child like state
