Week 1: Introduction & History

Question 1

microbio is the study of

Answer 1

microorganisms, also called microbes, and their interaction with their environment

Question 2

cell theory states

Answer 2

all living things are composed of one or more cells

Question 3

prokaryotic cell genetic material

Answer 3

is not contained within the nucleus

Question 4

eukaryotic cell genetic material

Answer 4

is found in the nucleus and contains other structures called organelles

Question 5

6 characteristics of living things

Answer 5

1. Living things are composed of cells.
2. Living things maintain different conditions inside the cell than outside through homeostasis.
3. Living things are able to reproduce.
4. Living things can respond to environmental stimuli.
5. Living things assimilate and use energy through a
   process called metabolism.
6. Living things change over time through evolution.

Question 6

prokaryotic categories

Answer 6

bacteria & archae

Question 7

eukaryotic categories

Answer 7

protozoa, fungi, & algae

Question 8

non-living, acellular, microorgansims categories

Answer 8

viruses & prions

Question 9

a microbial culture is

Answer 9

the growth of one or moer species of microorganisms in a lab setting

Question 10

pure culture technique year and developer

Answer 10

1881, Robert Koch

Question 11

pure culture technique is based on

Answer 11

theory that a colony arises from a single bacterial cell

Question 12

streak plate technique often used to

Answer 12

isolate pure colonies from a mixed population

Question 13

bacterial lawn is grown and used

Answer 13

as a base to test the efficacy of an antimicrobial substance against specific species of bacteria

Question 14

the bubonic plague is a _____ _____ disease, meaning it is spread via ____ bw _____

Answer 14

vector borne, invertbrates, humans

Question 15

acute disease characteristics include

Answer 15

rapid replication of the microbe

rapid onset of disease symptoms

Question 16

chronic disease characteristics:

Answer 16

slower microbial replication
slow onset of symptoms
slower transmission

Question 17

spontaneous generation is the

Answer 17

notion that organisms arise spontaneously not factual

Question 18

germ theory of disease

Answer 18

concept that microbes can cause disease

Question 19

ignaz semmelweis observed

Answer 19

high mortality rate in women days after giving birth to healthy babies from childbed fever

Question 20

florence nightingale implemented

Answer 20

basic hygien and wound dressing sanitation during the Crimean war

Question 21

joseph lister implemented

Answer 21

aseptic technique

Question 22

by the early 1900s several diseases were linked to specific microbes

Answer 22

typhus, diptheria, gonorrhea, bubonic plague

Question 23

the germ theory led to significant advances in infection control as the sources of diseases were identified including

Answer 23

improved sanitation and drinking water

insect control

Question 24

immunology is

Answer 24

the study of the immune system and its response to foreign materal, including microbes