Week 1: Introduction & History Flashcards
microbio is the study of
microorganisms, also called microbes, and their interaction with their environment
cell theory states
all living things are composed of one or more cells
prokaryotic cell genetic material
is not contained within the nucleus
eukaryotic cell genetic material
is found in the nucleus and contains other structures called organelles
6 characteristics of living things
- Living things are composed of cells.
- Living things maintain different conditions inside the cell than outside through homeostasis.
- Living things are able to reproduce.
- Living things can respond to environmental stimuli.
- Living things assimilate and use energy through a
process called metabolism. - Living things change over time through evolution.
prokaryotic categories
bacteria & archae
eukaryotic categories
protozoa, fungi, & algae
non-living, acellular, microorgansims categories
viruses & prions
a microbial culture is
the growth of one or moer species of microorganisms in a lab setting
pure culture technique year and developer
1881, Robert Koch
pure culture technique is based on
theory that a colony arises from a single bacterial cell
streak plate technique often used to
isolate pure colonies from a mixed population
bacterial lawn is grown and used
as a base to test the efficacy of an antimicrobial substance against specific species of bacteria
the bubonic plague is a _____ _____ disease, meaning it is spread via ____ bw _____
vector borne, invertbrates, humans
acute disease characteristics include
rapid replication of the microbe
rapid onset of disease symptoms
chronic disease characteristics:
slower microbial replication
slow onset of symptoms
slower transmission
spontaneous generation is the
notion that organisms arise spontaneously not factual
germ theory of disease
concept that microbes can cause disease
ignaz semmelweis observed
high mortality rate in women days after giving birth to healthy babies from childbed fever
florence nightingale implemented
basic hygien and wound dressing sanitation during the Crimean war
joseph lister implemented
aseptic technique
by the early 1900s several diseases were linked to specific microbes
typhus, diptheria, gonorrhea, bubonic plague
the germ theory led to significant advances in infection control as the sources of diseases were identified including
improved sanitation and drinking water
insect control
immunology is
the study of the immune system and its response to foreign materal, including microbes
