Week 1 Introduction and SDOH Flashcards

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1
Q

Social determinants of health (SDOH)

definition
Braveman et al 2011

A

social (including
economic) factors with
important direct or
indirect effects on
health

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2
Q

Downstream social
determinants

Braveman et al 2011

A

factors
that are temporally and
spatially close to health
effects (and hence
relatively apparent),
but are influenced by
upstream factors

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3
Q

Upstream social
determinants

Braveman et al 2011

A

fundamental causes
that set in motion
causal pathways
leading to (often
temporally and
spatially distant) health
effects through
downstream factors

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4
Q

how is educational linked with health?

Braveman et al 2011

A

Health knowledge, literacy, and behaviors

work

sense of social standing

social support

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5
Q

Pathways through which Social Factors Shape Health

Braveman et al 2011

A

Neighborhood conditions

Working conditions

Education

Income, wealth

Race, racism

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6
Q

Health Effects of Social Factors longitudinal

Braveman et al 2011

A

across lifetimes
-socioeconomic conditions in childhood become embedded in bodies, determining developmental capacities

AND

across generations
-partly epigenetic
-complex relationships between upstream social factors that play out over long periods of time

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7
Q

Health inequality

Kawachi et al 2002

A

used to
designate differences, variations, and disparities
in the health achievements of individuals and
groups. A straightforward example of health
inequality is higher incidence of disease X in
group A as compared with group B of population
P

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8
Q

Health inequity

Kawachi et al 2002

A

refers to those inequalities in health that are deemed to be unfair or stemming
from some form of injustice (normative and political dimension)

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9
Q

socioeconomic gradient in health

A

refers to the worse health
of those who are at a lower level of socioeconomic position— whether measured by income, occupational grade, or educational attainment—even those who are already in relatively
high socioeconomic groups

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10
Q

relative income hypothesis

Kawachi et al 2002

A

asserts that health depends not
just on one’s own level of income, but also on the incomes of
others in society. At any given level of income, the hypothesis
states that an individual’s health status depends on the rank
within the income distribution that is bestowed upon the
individual by her level of income, and/or the distance between
her income and the average income

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