Week 1 - Introduction and Homeostasis Flashcards
What is anatomy?
The study of body structures in relation to one another.
What is physiology?
Study of the functions of the body.
Generic cell structure
Nucleus, nucleolus, mitochondria, ribosomes, golgi apparatus, plasma membrame.
Have specialised structures for different functions.
Cells
The smallest unit of life
Homeostasis
Maintaining a relatively constant internal environment.
Stimulus-response model
Stimulus, receptor, control center, effector, response.
Tissue
Similar cells grouped together to form function.
Endotherm
Organisms that maintain temperature internally with homeostasis
Ectotherm
Organisms that maintain temperature by relying on behavioural mechanisms.
Homeostatic imbalance
Homeostasis disrupted, and disease or illness occurs.
Pathogenesis
Sequence of events from aetiology, to abnormal anatomy and physiology, to manifestation and finally recovery or death.
Internal stimuli
Body temperature, body fluid composition, body fluid volume, waste concentration, blood pressure.
Difference between extracellular fluid (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF)
ECF acts as a buffer zone between the ICF and the outside world, while the ICF is the fluid within cells.
Steady state disequilibrium
Materials are constantly moving between 2 compartments, although there is no net movement. Composition of these 2 compartments are not identical i.e. not equal.
Control centre
Local and reflex.
Input signal, Integrating center, output signal, response.
