Week 1 - Intro Flashcards
Psychopathology
then scientific study of mental disorders (thinking, feeling, behaving)
Signs Vs Symptoms
signs - objective
symptoms - subjective
4 results of abnormality
- Loss of freedom
- loss of relationships
- loss of connection with self
- personal disstress
Stigma
negative attitudes and beliefs that cause general public to avoid others
3 Historical views
supernatural, somatogenic (biological), and psychogenic (experiences)
Historical - supernatural
trephination - cut hole into skull
confess sins and repent
Pythagoras
-thought human behavior was related to internal processes
- the brain structure is related to mental illness
Hippocrates
-thought illnesses were caused by too much fluid in the body (bile, blood)
-treatment = blood letting
Galen
Blood with spirits cause mental illness
physical trauma causes mental illness
hysteria = wandering uterus in women
the Middle Ages with witches
Malleus Meleficarum argued pathology was caused by witches
The renaissance
Leonarda da Vinci diagrammed the body
Descartes suggested behavior was based on mechanical principles
Function of the brain
-gray matter consists of cell bodies and dendrites (processing)
-White matter is axon and insulator (transmits signals)
-bumps called gyri
-grooves between gyri called sulci
4 lobes of brain
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
Broca Vs Wernicke
broca - language processing
Wernickes - language understanding
3 major themes
- behavioral and experimental perspective - personal experiences, symptoms, and signs
- neuroscience - structure and function of the brain
- evolutionary - being adaptive
biopsychosocial
- introduced by George Engel
3 factors - biological,psychological, and social
Biological Treatments
psychoactive drugs, electroconvulsive therapy, surgery
Psychodynamics
-By Freud
- cortical areas repress lower brain functioning
-uses free association
-repressed emotions
existential humanistic therapy
emphasis on growth and positive psychology
person centered therapy
emotion focused therapy
mindfulness
behaviorism
classical vs operant
classical - learn new involuntary responses to stimuli and replace maladaptive ones
operant - reinforce desired behaviors remove reinforcement for maladaptive ones
cognitive/behavioral therapy
change negative views on self, world and future
