week 1: infection prevention & control Flashcards
infection in healthcare:
what are the 4 adverse effects of infection in healthcare?
- i__ r__ of a__ o__ to p__
- e__ f__ c__ to p__ a__ with t__
- l__ h__ b__ a__ for n__ a__
- r__ of m__-d__ r__ m__
- increased risk of adverse outcomes to patients
- extra financial cost to patients associated with treatment
- less hospital beds available for new admissions
- rise of multi-resistant microorganisms
__% of UTI were associated with a IDC
77%
for an infection to develop an infectious microorganism must be able to:
- c__
- m__ from o__ s__ to a__
- o__ a h__ d__ s__
- d__ c__, t__ & b__ s__
colonise
move from one source to another
overcome a hosts defence systems
damage cells, tissue & body systems
The most common HAI are:
- (U__)
- s__ s__ infection
- p__
UTI
surgical site infection
Pneumonia
stages of infection:
- i__
- p__
- i__
- c__
incubation
prodromal
illness
convalescence
___% of blood stream infections were associated with a vascular catheter
18%
transient flora are m__ that are e__ & usually d__ n__ continually live on or in the host
transient flora are microorganisms that are episodic and usually do not continually live on or in the host
resident flora are m___ that are a__ p__ o__ or i__ the host, usually without altering the h__ of the host
microorganisms that are always present on or in the host, usually without altering the health of the host
latrogenic infections are those infections which result from a t__ or d__ p__
latrogenic infections are those infections which result from a treatment or diagnostic procedure
Infection:
define infection:
infections is a d__ s__ where there is i__ & m__ of p__ in t__ or b__ f__ causing c__ d__
infection is a diseased state where there is invasion & multiplication of pathogens in tissue or bodily fluids causing cellular damage
__% of HAPs were associated with a ventilator
58%
standard precautions are the m__ requirement for the basic level of infection control
hand hygiene, b__ & a__ e__ e__ of p__ c__
the use of (__)
before & after every episode of patient contact
the use of PPE
primary method of transmission of infection is via the h__ of h__ c__ p__
hands of health care professionals
__% to __% of all HAI are associated with only 5 patient care practices
35% to 50%
HAI is an infection that develops in what space?
within a hospital
endogenous HAI is when part of a patients o__ n__ f__ in o__ body site is able to multiply & move into other body site
endogenous HAI is when part of a patients own normal flora in one body site is able to multiply & move into other body site
List 6 vulnerable patient populations:
- o__
- b__
- (I__)
- p__
- p__
- s__
- oncology
- burns
- ICU
- paediatric
- pregnant
- surgical
A patient with an infection may be asymptomatic or symptomatic.
true/false
true
Hospital or Nosocomial acquired infection:
Signs & symptoms occur at least ___ days ___ admission
Signs & symptoms occur at least 2 days after admission
what does HAI stand for?
Healthcare association infection
what is the most common complication affecting patients in hospital?
HAI
exogenous HAI is an infection from an organism that is e__ to the persons o__ n__ f__
exogenous HAI is an infection from an organism that is external to the persons own normal flora
35% to 50% of all HAI are associated with which 5 patient care practices?
- h__ h__ & s__ p__
- use & care of i__ u__ c__
- use & care of v__ a__ d__
- t__ & s__ for p__ f__
- e__ with s__ p__
hand hygiene & standard precautions
use & care of indwelling urinary catheters
use & care of vascular access devices
therapy & support for pulmonary functions
experience with surgical procedures
Chain of infection:
- i__ a__
- r__
- p__ of e__
- m__ of t__
- p__ of e__
- s__ h__
infectious agent reservoir portal of exit method of transmission portal of entry susceptible host
