Week 1 Implicit Bias and Hx of Mental Health Flashcards
What is not a form of Bias?
A. Negative comparison of one group and members of said group to another
B. Direct/Explicit
C. Indirect/Implicit
D. Hiring people according to their attributes of skill and not their race or gender
D. Hiring people according to their attributes of skill and not their race or gender
Bias Examples
Direct – I like white people more than black
Indirect - Sitting further away from a black on a bus than a white person without consciously recognising you have done so
How are Explicit and Implicit bias different?
Explicit is a cognitive understanding of why you are biased to a group.
Implicit is a subconscious decision made from attitudes or stereotypes we cannot identify
What type of bias results from subtle cognitive processes?
A. Implicit
B. Explicit
C. Design
D. Inclusive
A. Implicit bias
Implicit is a subconscious decision made from attitudes or stereotypes we cannot identify
What are some potential ways implicit bias can be activated?
Through subtle cues, such as skin colour, accent or body size.
What subconscious affects may implicit bias have on a patient?
How long they wait for treatment
Tone of voice used when speaking to a patient
How well a patient is listened too
Physical stance or body language used when approaching a pt.
Define a stigma
Sign of disgrace or discredit, which sets a person apparat from others.
A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person.
“the stigma of having gone to prison will always be with me”
Mental Health is seen as a stigma and considered a sign of weakness by many
Is the stigma of mental health related to a person’s appearance or their context?
Context
Why has stigma become a marker for and what is usually the first feeling reported?
Stigma has become a marker for adverse experiences and is generally a negative experience
The individual usually feels the emotion shame first
What experiences and emotions are associated with stigma?
Shame Blame Secret The black sheep of the family Isolation Social exclusion Stereotypes Discrimination
Is there a direct link to stigma and implicit bias?
Yes
What is the first step in mental health and illness training competency?
Awareness
Being aware and knowledgeable about ones thoughts, feelings and sensations, as well as being able to reflect on how these can affect interactions with others.
What is project implicit
Team that research and produce new ways of understanding attitudes, stereotypes, stigma and other hidden bias.
Can implicit bias be measured with standard survey questions?
No, require developed instruments, Implicit Association Test (IAT), implicit association test
IAT examines automatic associations in memory that are evoked by rapid reactions.
Trepanation was the first form of Mental Health Treatment. What is Trepanation?
Drilling holes in the skull - it was thought to have released evil spirits (that were causing insanity)
The modern equivalent is known as a craniotomy.
Crainiotomy is used to treat epidural and subdural haematomas.
Who offered mental health treatment in the middle ages?
Monasteries offered medical treatment and preserved the view that madness was an illness
In the 1600s, mental who were mentally ill were persecuted as ________. It was supported by the religious hierarchy at the time.
A. Lunacy
B, Witches
C. Hand of Ishtar
D. Insanus
B. Witches
Compared to Egypt in the Islamic era (640 – 1600 AD) Mental health patients were not mistreated because they were thought to be possessed by a good Muslim genie
What is the most infamous asylum?
A. 1547 Saint Mary of Bethlehem
B. Port Phillip Gaol
C. 1848 Yarra Bend
D. Beechworth
A. Saint Mary of Bethlehem
The monastery-turned-asylum began admitting the mentally ill in 1547 after Henry VIII ceded Bethlem to the city of London.
Patients were put on display like a freak show or on the street to beg for money
Which facility housed the origins of mental health care in Victoria?
A. Yara Bend
B. Beechworth
C. Kew
D. Port Phillip Gaol
D. Port Phillip Goal
The origins of mental health care in VIC date back to 1837 when people with a mental illness were incarcerated with the prisoners in Port Phillip Gaol.
During Victoria in the ‘early years’ Mental illness or ‘Lunacy’ was treated as a crime
A common view that people with mental illness were hopelessly incurable
What was early common practice for Pt treatments in asylums?
A. Dousing Pt in hot or cold water
B. Blistering
C. Physical Restraints
D. All the Above
D.
Powerful drugs were administered, eg to a hysterical patient to exhaust them also.
In the 1700s what did Dutch Dr Boerhave invent?
A. Electroshock Therapy
B. Sensory Deprivation
C. Arterial Bleeding
D. Gyrating Chair
D. Gyrating Chair
Became popular in Europe and the US. It was intended to shake up the blood and tissues of the body to restore equilibrium, but instead rendered the patient unconscious without recorded success.
What treatments did patients receive whilst committed to the Yara-Bend Asylum in Victoria?
Shower baths, where inmates were locked in the bath fully clothed, then drenched in cold water and left to ‘cool off’ for hours.
Bleeding the temporal artery, skin blistering, purging and the administration of emetics and bitter tonics.
What changes did Philippe Pinel in Paris introduce to Asylums?
A. Humourous Therapy
B. Blood Letting
C. Moral Therapy
D. Gyrating Chair
C. Moral Therapy
in 1972 Philippe hypothesised patients will improve if they are treated with kindness and consideration.
Worked on the intellect and emotions of patients so they could achieve self-restraint and mental harmony
Filth, noise and abuse were removed from practice, as well as restraints and the patients were given access ot sunlight
What are somatic treatments of mental health?
Electroconvulsive therapy - 1938,
Psychosurgery and
Psychopharmacology
All based on the biological model that assumes mental illness is the result of a biochemical imbalance in the body and can be compared to physical illness.
When were somatic treatments discovered?
1930s and onwards.
