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OB > Week 1 Fetal Heart Monitoring > Flashcards

Week 1 Fetal Heart Monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role and function of the fetal sympathetic NS?

A
  • Stimulates the release of catecholamines in response to interruptions in oxygenation and blood pressure
  • INcreases FHR and caused peripheral vasoconstriction in fetus
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2
Q

What is an acceleration?

A

An abrupt increase in FHR.

  • onset to peak less than 30 seconds
  • A peak of at least 15 bpm and must last 15 or more seconds.
  • Cant exceed 2 minutes
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3
Q

What is the role and function of the fetal parasympathetic NS?

A
  • Impulses orininate in fetal brain stem
  • Impulses carried by the vagas nerve and heart
  • when stimulated, reduces baseline
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4
Q

What is the MOST CRITICAL predictor of adequate fetal oxygenation during labor?

A

FHR variability

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5
Q

What is a variable deceleration?

A

Abrupt decrease in FHR.

  • onset to lowerst point in less than 30 seconds
  • -A dip of at least 15 bpm and must last 15 or more seconds.
  • Cant exceed 2 minutes
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6
Q

Fetal arrhythmias Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Tachycardia, decrease in variability

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7
Q

Fetal congenital anomalies Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Minimal to absent variability, Decelerations

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8
Q

Pre-existing fetal neutologic abnormalities Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Minimal to absent variability, absence of accelerations

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9
Q

What is Minimal variability?

A

Amplitude range detectable but is less than or equal to 5

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10
Q

Late decelerations are often caused by ____

A

COmpression of vessels

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11
Q

Variable decelerations are often caused by ___

A

Umbilical cord compression

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12
Q

What is Tachysystole?

A

Excessive uterine activity. More than 5 contractions in a 10 minute period averaged over 30 minutes
-Can result from spontaneous or stimulated labor

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13
Q

How do BP changes effect FHR?

A
  • Decreased FHR to decrease BP

- Increased FHR to resolve hypotension

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14
Q

Early decelerations are often caused by ____

A

Head compression

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15
Q

What is uterine activity?

A

Based on the number on contractions that occur in a 10 minute segment averaged over 30 minutes

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16
Q

What is absent variability?

A

Undetectable amplitude range

17
Q

What are the interventions for VariableDecelerations

A
  • Change position
  • Turn off pitocin
  • Increase Fluid rate
  • Begin O2 by face mask
  • Notify MD
  • Check BP
  • Possible C section needed
  • A possible candidate for amino infusion
18
Q

How is FHR effected by increased CO2/decreased oxygenation?

A

It increased in an effort to increase oxygenation or decrease CO2

19
Q

What are the interventions for Late Decelerations

A
  • Change position
  • Turn off pitocin
  • Increase Fluid rate
  • Begin O2 by face mask
  • Notify MD
  • Check BP
  • Possible C section needed
20
Q

What is a prolonged deceleration?

A

An acceleration lasting more than 2 minutes but no longer than 10 minutes

21
Q

Fetal autonomic response to changes in Intercranial and/or cerebral blood flow caused by transient compressions of the fetal head during uterine contractions Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Early decelerations

22
Q

Fetal cardiac conduction abnormalities Can appear as what on a FHR

A

bradycardia

23
Q

What causes changes in FHR baseline?

A
  • Changes in fetal O2 and CO2 (chemoreceptors)

- Changes in fetal BP (baroreceptors)

24
Q

What are recurrent Deceleration’s?

A

Occur withing 50% or more of contractions in any 20minute window

25
Q

Transient disruption of 02 transfer from the environment to the fetus at the level of the umbilical cord Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Variable decelerations

26
Q

Disruption of 02 transfer to the fetus resulting in transient hypoxemia during a uterine contraction Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Late decelerations

27
Q

What is a prolonged acceleration?

A

An acceleration lasting more than 2 minutes but no longer than 10 minutes

28
Q

What is moderate variability?

A

Amplitude range of 6-25

29
Q

What is sinusoidal pattern?

A

a smmoth wave-like undulating pattern in FHR baseline with cycle frequency of 3-5 minutes that persists for 20 or more minutes

30
Q

What is a late deceleration?

A

-Apparent symmetrical, gradual decreases and return of FHR associated with uterine contraction that occurs after the peak of a contraction

31
Q

Fetal viral infections Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Bradycardia

32
Q

What is an early deceleration?

A

-Apparent symmetrical, gradual decreases and return of FHR associated with uterine contraction.

33
Q

What is the normal BPM range of FHR?

A

110-160

34
Q

Transient disruption of 02 transfer from the environment to the fetus at one or more points in the O2 pathway Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Prolonged Decelerations

35
Q

What is marked variability?

A

Amplitude range of 26+

36
Q

What is normal uterine activity?

A

5 or less contractions in a 10 minute segment averaged over 30 minutes

37
Q

What are intermittent Deceleration’s?

A

Occur with less than 50% of contractions

38
Q

Fetal heart defects Can appear as what on a FHR

A

Brady cardia

OB (14 decks)

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