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EMS-D All Chapters Studied > Week 1, Chapter 63 - Engine Management Systems > Flashcards

Week 1, Chapter 63 - Engine Management Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the categories of the engine management system?

A
  • Sensors (input devices)
  • Control Modules (PCM, TCM, BCM, etc)
  • Controlled Devices (Output Devices)
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2
Q

What are the two main types of electrical signals?

A

Analog
Digital

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3
Q

What are analog signals?

A

Signals that are continuously variable, typically changing in strength or time

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4
Q

What are digital signals?

A

Signals that are a direct on/off with no in-between transition

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5
Q

In a varying analog signal, what is used to control the strength of the output signal?

A

Variable Resistance (Potentiometers and Thermistors)

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6
Q

Duty Cycle uses _______________________ to control the strength of the output signal generated

A

Pulse Width Modulation

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7
Q

A cycle is the distance between repeat patterns in signals. Frequency is measured in cycles per second, or _______

A

Hertz

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8
Q

Changes rotary or linear motion into an electrical signal
Ex.
- Throttle Position Sensor
- EGR Position Sensor
- Radio Volume Control

A

Potentiometers

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9
Q

Changes resistance due to temperature change - include PTC and NTC types
Ex.
- Engine Coolant Temp
- Intake Air Temp
- Transmission Temp
- Exhaust Temp
- O2 Sensor Heater
- Etc

A

Thermistors

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10
Q

Produces voltage when pressure is applied to a quartz crystal
Ex.
- Knock Sensor
- Crash Sensor
- Anti-Theft Sensor

A

Piezo-electric

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11
Q

Change resistance when they are compressed or strained
Ex.
- Manifold Absolute Pressure
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Tire Pressure Sensor
- Oil Pressure

A

Piezo-Resistive

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12
Q

The resistance changes with changing light intensity
Ex.
- Ambient Light Sensor for Headlights
- Auto-Dimming Mirrors

A

Photo-Resistive

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13
Q

A semiconductor device that converts light into current
Ex.
- Optical Distributor
- Alarm Systems
- Infrared Remote Control Receiver

A

Photo-Diode

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14
Q

Creates voltage through the induction process
Ex.
- Crankshaft Position
- Camshaft Position
- Wheel Speed

A

PM Generator (VRS)

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15
Q

A transducer that switches its output voltage in response to a magnetic field
Ex.
- Crankshaft Position
- Camshaft Position
- Wheel Speed
- Etc

A

Hall Effect

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16
Q

Produces electricity due to an electrochemical reaction
Ex.
- Oxygen Sensor

A

Galvanic Battery

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17
Q

A device that changes one form of energy into another form of energy
Ex.
- TPS
- ECT
- IAT
- CKP
- CMP
- Essentially any sensor

A

Transducer

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18
Q

What creates a variable voltage signal that corresponds to a specific condition? (Has 3 wires: power, ground and signal)

A

Potentiometer

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19
Q

What gathers information on the throttle position and is operated by the rotation of the throttle shaft?

A

Throttle Position Sensor (TPS)

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20
Q

What is…
- used on vehicles with an electronic throttle control
- made up of two potentiometers that work opposite of each other
- the component that sends signals about the position, direction and speed of the throttle pedal

A

Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor

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21
Q

What changes resistance with the changes in temperature?

A

Thermistors

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22
Q

When temperature goes up, resistance goes down

A

NTC Thermistor

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23
Q

When temperature goes up, resistance goes up

A

PTC Thermistor

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24
Q

The Engine Coolant Temperature sensor (ECT) and Intake Air Temperature sensor (IAT) are examples of what kind of sensors?

A

Engine Temperature Sensors

25
Q

What sends information on the speed and position of the crankshaft to the PCM? (Can be VRS, Hall Effect, or Optical)

A

Crankshaft Position Sensor

26
Q

__________ Sensors….
- Sense the movement of a toothed disc on the crank pulley or the ring gear teeth on the flywheel
- Do not make physical contact
- Mounted on the crankcase housing
- consists of a stator with a central permanent magnet and soft iron core surrounded by an induction winding

A

Inductive-Type Sensors (VRS)

27
Q

This sensor…
- measures the position of the crankshaft and engine speed
- Is stationary and mounted to the block
- Made up of hall-effect materials

A

Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)

28
Q

This sensor…
- Sends constant data to computer to let it know when the #1 piston is on the compression stroke
- Identifies the position of the camshaft and valves
- Works in conjunction with the CKP and a Knock Sensor

A

Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP)

29
Q

A hall-effect vane switch that provides camshaft position data to the ignition module and Ford ECC-IV processor

A

Ignition Pickup-Style Position Sensor

30
Q

What is…
- A device that sends the vehicle speed information
- usually a magnetic pickup/reluctance sensor
- component that consists of an iron core wrapped with copper wiring while a reluctor wheel rotates around it and creates voltage
- component that creates DC wave pattern

A

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

31
Q

What is positioned in the exhaust pipe and provides the engine management PCM with an electrical signal that relates to the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas?

A

Oxygen Sensor

32
Q

How much heat does an oxygen sensor need to reach to enter Closed Loop operation?

A

600 Degrees

33
Q

What component compares the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas to oxygen levels in the outside air?

A

Nernst Cell

34
Q

In what kind of air supply system does the air required for combustion travel from the air filter, through the throttle valve, and into the common manifold (plenum chamber)?

A

Multiport Fuel Injection (MPFI)

35
Q

What determines the mass of air than can be drawn into a cylinder?

A

Intake System Design

36
Q

Length of ___________ influence torque ranges at different RPM

A

Intake Runners

37
Q

In what two ways can volume of air be determined?

A
  1. Speed density calculation
  2. Direct measurement
38
Q

What sensor directly measures the mass of filtered air entering the engine? (usually installed in the air intake hose leading to the thottle body assembly

A

Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF)

39
Q

Whirlpools can be measured by what methods?

A
  • Optical type
  • Ultrasonic type
  • pressure type
40
Q

What measures manifold pressure changes and converts it into an electrical signal? (can also determine if the EGR valve is open or not)

A

Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor

41
Q

What sensor works in conjunction with the MAP sensor to provide coolant pressure difference information to the PCM and helps calibrate the fuel injection system?

A

Barometric Pressure Sensor

42
Q

What sensor is mounted on the fuel rail and allows the PCM to monitor pressure so it can control the speed of the fuel pump?

A

Fuel Pressure Sensor

43
Q

What sensor is used to monitor engine vibration and creates its own voltage using a piezo-electric crystal?

A

Knock Sensor

44
Q

What provides a digital on/off signal to the PCM and can be use to indicate when devices are activated?

A

Switches

45
Q

What is the “brain of the engine” called?

A

Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

46
Q

What is a PCM in control of?

A
  • Sensor input/output signal processing
  • Data processing
  • Memory and storage
  • Output drivers
47
Q

An input signal is sent to the PCM for processing, then an output signal is sent to what?

A

Controlled Devices

48
Q

What is often used as an actuator to control other actuators when the computer must control a high-current load?

A

Relays

49
Q

An electromechanical device in which valve or linkage is moved to do a mechanical job

A

Solenoid

50
Q

Modules that have their own switching circuit and is usually controlled by the PCM

A

Control Modules

51
Q

A component that operate many devices on a vehicle and can be controlled by the PCM

A

Electric Motor Actuators

52
Q

Commonly referred to as drive-by-wire or throttle-by-wire, this component uses a pedal position sensor to calculate the drivers desired throttle position

A

Electronically Controlled Throttle (ECT)

53
Q

Speed-density method and Mass airflow systems are examples of…

A

Engine Management System Control Strategies

54
Q

The process of monitoring data over time and updating it in the PCM memory is called…

A

Feedback and looping

55
Q

When an engine is first started, it starts in _____ loop

A

Open

56
Q

The PCM will change injector pulse width based off ____ or _____ readings

A

rich; lean

57
Q

The difference between the stored pulse width and the actual pulse width required to keep fuel mixture at the correct ratio is called…

A

Fuel Trim

58
Q

_____________ turns the fuel injectors off when the vehicle is coasting above a certain RPM and speed with the throttle closed

A

Fuel Shutoff Mode

59
Q

_____________ is activated if the PCM sees wide-open throttle usually 80% or higher readings when the ignition is first turned on or cranked

A

Clear Flood Mode

EMS-D All Chapters Studied (11 decks)

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