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Drug Classification > Week 1 - Ch 1,2 > Flashcards

Week 1 - Ch 1,2 Flashcards

0
Q

Any non food chemical substance that affects the mind or body

A

Drug

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1
Q

The study of drugs and their interactions with living organisms

A

Pharmacology

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2
Q

Chemical substances that do not have a preventative, diagnostic, or therapeutic use.

A

Drug

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3
Q

Drug deliberately administer for its medicinal value as a preventative, diagnostic, or therapeutic agent.

A

Medicine

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4
Q

Three general areas of medical use for drugs

A

Prevent disease, diagnose disease, treat symptoms/conditions/diseases

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5
Q

Preparation of drugs in the 1800’s

A

Chemists developed techniques to extract and isolate pure substances from crude drug preparations

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6
Q

Preparation of drugs in the 1900’s

A

The extractions and preparation of drugs was a time consuming process that utilized test tubes, filters, and Bunsen burners. Pharmacists at that time actually prepares the drugs the dispensed.

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7
Q

The Food and Drugs Act of 1906

A

The first federal drug law

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8
Q

1912 Amendment to The Food and Drugs Act

A

Required the accurate labeling of drugs to prevent substitution or mislabeling of ingredients

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9
Q

The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938

A

FDA can remove a product without fraud for the best interest of the people

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10
Q

Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951)

A

Defined prescription drugs as those drugs that could only be given to patients under the care of a physician.

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11
Q

Kefauver-Harris Amendment (1962)

A

Required drugs to be shown to be both safe and effective before being marketed. It also required manufacturers to report adverse effects from new drugs.

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12
Q

1988

A

The FDA was moved under the federal Dept of Health and Human Services.

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13
Q

Dietary Supplements and Health Education Act (1994)

A

Allowed the FDA to set up guidelines for the manufacturers of herbal products and dietary supplements

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14
Q

FDA Modernization Act (1997)

A

Gave the FDA the authority to accelerate the approval process for certain types of drugs

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15
Q

Emergency Treatment Investigation New Drug (IND) Application

A

Allows physicians to prescribe some investigational drugs even before they are officially approved for marketing, these drugs are for life threatening diseases a for which no alternative therapy exists

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16
Q

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

A

All healthcare settings must provide patients with a statement that verifies that their health record, including all drug information, is kept secure and is only released to authorized inquiries from other healthcare providers, insurance companies, or healthcare monitoring organizations.

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17
Q

Patent medications and associated problems

A

First drugs marketed to consumers. Usually associated with outrageous claims and not baked by science.

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18
Q

Scheduled drugs

A

Potentially addictive drugs divided into 5 categories based on their potential for physical or psychological dependence

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19
Q

Schedule drugs were first regulated by this act

A

The Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914

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20
Q

The Harrison Narcotics Act was replaced by this act in 1970

A

The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970

21
Q

Title II, The Controlled Substance Act of 1973 created:

A

The DEA Drug Enforcement Administrationp

22
Q

Drugs that are not safe to use except under professional medical supervision

A

Prescription Drugs

23
Q

Drugs that can be purchased without a prescription and is generally considered safe for consumers to use if the label’s directions and warnings are followed carefully

A

OTC drugs

24
Q

Every drug is assigned this by the IUPAC from the moment of discovery or design

A

Chemical name

25
Q

IUPAC

A

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

26
Q

Drug is assigned this together with the drug company and USAN. A second name for the drug.

A

Generic name

27
Q

USAN

A

United States Adopted Names Council

28
Q

This is created by the drug company designed to be easy for physicians and patients to remember and if possible, suggest how the drug is used

A

Trade or brand name

29
Q

12 things trade names of drugs might tell you about those drugs

A
  1. Drug category
  2. Disease, condition, or symptom being treated
  3. Which part of the body is being treated
  4. Simplification of generic name with phonetic sound
  5. Ingredients or source of the drug
  6. Therapeutic effect of the drug
  7. How often the drug is to be take
  8. Duration of the drug’s therapeutic effect
  9. Strength of drug
  10. Route of administration
  11. Amount of a particular active ingredient
  12. Manufacturer’s identity
30
Q

4 reasons why a drug might be withdrawn from the markets or recalled

A
  1. The drug does not contain the correct amount of active ingredient
  2. The drug does not remain stable until its expiration date
  3. The drug is contaminated with particulate matter from the manufacturing process
  4. Concerns about adverse effects
31
Q

Pharmaceutical drug milestones

A

Morphine, Aspirin, Insulin, Dilantin, Clotting factors isolated, Tagamet, Humulin, Penicillin

32
Q

Schedule I drugs examples

A

Heroin, LSD

33
Q

Schedule II drug examples

A

Morphine, Codeine

34
Q

Schedule III drug examples

A

Codeine, Vicodin

35
Q

Schedule IV drug examples

A

Valium

36
Q

Schedule V drug examples

A

Cough syrup

37
Q

Analgesic

A

A drug that selectively suppresses pain without producing sedation

38
Q

Anesthetic

A

Make unconscious

39
Q

Antibiotic

A

A drug used to treat infection by killing or inhibiting the growth of disease causing bacteria

40
Q

Antiemetic

A

A drug that prevents and relieves nausea and vomiting

41
Q

Antifungal

A

An anti-infective drug that can kill fungi and is used to treat fungal infections

42
Q

Antihistamine

A

A drug used to decrease the symptoms of inflammation, redness,edema, and itching caused by the release of histamine during an allergic reaction

43
Q

Anti hypertensive

A

A drug that lowers high blood pressure

44
Q

Anti inflammatory

A

Drug used to decrease symptoms of inflammation by inhibiting the release of prostaglandins

45
Q

Anti neoplastic

A

Drug that is selectively toxic to rapidly dividing cells, such as malignant cells, and is used to treat cancer

46
Q

Anti pruritic

A

Stop itching

47
Q

Antitussive

A

A drug that suppresses coughing

48
Q

Antiviral

A

An anti-infective drug that can kill or inhibit the growth of viruses and is used to treat viral infections

49
Q

Diuretic

A

Treat edema, increases urination

Drug Classification (20 decks)

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