week 1 biomechanics terminology Flashcards
kinematics
characteristics of motion through space and time
e.g position, velocity, acceleration, angle
linear motion
all systems parts are moving in the same direction at the same speed (translation)
motion along a straight line- rectilinear
along a curved line- curvilinear
angular motion
motion around central axis of rotation- which are perpendicular to the plane of rotation
kinetics
describes the actions of forces associated with the motion
away and towards centre
<—–/—–> lateral
——>/<—— medial
up and down from centre
superior (up)
inferior (down)
backwards and forwards from centre
posterior/dorsal (back)
anterior/ ventral (forward)
further and closer to the trunk
proximal- towards the trunk
distal- further from the trunk
sagittal plane
vertical plane which passes through the body longitudinally-divides into left and right
frontal plane
vertical plane running side to side, divides body into anterior and posterior
transverse plane
horizontal plane, divides body into superior and inferior
joint movement terminology- flexion
decease in the angle of the joint
joint movement terminology- extension
increase in the angle of the joint
joint movement terminology- abduction
movement of the limb away from the midline
jmt- adduction
movement of the limb towards the midline
jmt- pronation
movement of hand and forearm to bring the palm facing posterior
jmt- supination
movement of hand and forearm to bring the palm facing anterior
jmt- circumduction
circular movement of a joint
jmt- internal/medial rotation
rotation of a limb medially
jmt- lateral/ external rotation
rotational movement of a limb laterally
jmt- eversion
movement of the sole of the foot away from the medial plane
jmt- inversion
movement of the sole of the foot towards the medial plane
jmt- dorsiflexion
movement of the foot in a dorsal direction
jmt- plantarflexion
movement of the foot in a ventral direction
statics
no movement or systems in a constant state of motion
dynamics
systems subject to acceleration
