Week 1

Question 1

Where are lumbar punctures performed?

Answer 1

Between L3/L4 or L4/L5

Question 2

C1-C7 emerge ___ to pedicles of same number

Answer 2

Superior

Question 3

T1-T12 emerge ____ to pedicles of the same number

Answer 3

Inferior

Question 4

What space holds the spinal cord?

Answer 4

Vertebral canal, made up of intervertebral foramen

Question 5

What two muscles form the pectoral (shoulder) girdle?

Answer 5

Clavicle and scapula

Question 6

What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?

Answer 6

the lateral border of the inferior part of trapezius. laterally: the vertebral border of the scapula. inferiorly: the superior border of latissimus dorsi.

Question 7

What are the borders of the lumbar triangel?

Answer 7

latissimus dorsi posteriorly, the external oblique anteriorly, and the iliac crest inferiorly,

Question 8

What group of muscles is directly related to the movements of the vertebral column and head?

Answer 8

The deep group: iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis (intermediate intrinsic muscles)

Question 9

What are the two main disorders of the rotator cuff?

Answer 9

Impingement and tendinopathy

Question 10

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

Answer 10

(SITS) supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 11

What test is used to check for supraspinatus injury?

Answer 11

Empty can test

Question 12

What muscles make up the quadrangular space?

Answer 12

Teres minor, teres major, surgical neck of humerus, long head of triceps

Question 13

What muscles make up the triangular space?

Answer 13

Teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps

Question 14

Which space does the axillary nerve pass through?

Answer 14

Quadrangular space

Question 15

What important structures pass through quandrangular space? Injury causes quadrangular space syndrome

Answer 15

Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein

Question 16

Damage to which nerve causes a “winged scapula”

Answer 16

Long thoracic nerve

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for holding the scapula against thoracic wall?

Answer 17

Serratus anterior muscle

Question 18

What is the most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle?

Answer 18

Supraspinatus

Question 19

Which structures are innervated by the axillary nerve?

Answer 19

Deltoid, teres minor, and skin on deltoid

Question 20

What muscle is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve?

Answer 20

Lastissimus dorsi

Question 21

What muscles are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 21

Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae

Question 22

What muscle is innervated by cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve)?

Answer 22

Trapezius

Question 23

Where does the trapezius muscle get its blood supply?

Answer 23

Transverse cervical artery

Question 24

What are the three movements provided by the latissimus dorsi muscle? (Think swimming)

Answer 24

Medial rotation, extension, adduction

Question 25

What part of the spinal nerve supplies the deep back muscles and the skin overlying them?

Answer 25

Dorsal primary ramus

Question 26

The subclavian artery becomes the ____ when it passes under the _____

Answer 26

Axillary artery; clavicle (lateral margin of rib 1)

Question 27

What is the preferred site for insertion of mult-lumen catheters and pacemaker wries?

Answer 27

Subclavian/axillary vein

Question 28

What does a Popeye sign indicate?

Answer 28

Rupture of biceps tendon

Question 29

What are the superficial veins of the upper limb?

Answer 29

Cephalic and basilic veins

Question 30

What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior arm and skin of the lateral forearm?

Answer 30

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 31

When the ___ ligament is torn, a patient suffers from third degree separated shoulder

Answer 31

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 32

A shoulder separation is an injury to the ____ joint

Answer 32

Acromioclavicular joint

Question 33

Which ligament provides weight-bearing support for the upper limb?

Answer 33

Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 34

What is an epihyseal or growth plate?

Answer 34

Temporary cartilaginous joint in growing bone

Question 35

What are the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 35

Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

Question 36

Where are melanocytes found?

Answer 36

Stratum basale

Question 37

Where are Merkel cells found? What are their function?

Answer 37

Stratum basale; they are involved in touch sensation

Question 38

Where are Langerhans cells found? What is their function?

Answer 38

Stratum spinosum; they are immune cells

Question 39

Which dermal layer is more superficial - papillary or reticular?

Answer 39

Papillary

Question 40

How can you distinguish eccrine and apocrine sweat glands histologically?

Answer 40

Apocrine glands have larger lumens and irregular surface appearance

Question 41

How can you distinguish Meissner’s and Pacinian corpuscles histologically?

Answer 41

Meissner’s looks like tornado (found in papillary dermis); Pacinian looks like an onion

Question 42

How are Pasteurella infections transmited?

Answer 42

Through dog and cat bites

Question 43

How are capnocytophaga canimorsus infections transmitted?

Answer 43

Through dog bites only

Question 44

How are Eikenelle Corrodens infections transmitted?

Answer 44

Through human bites only

Question 45

Which muscle is responsible for the first 15 degrees of arm abduction?

Answer 45

Supraspinatus