Week 1 Flashcards
Beta blocker overdose
Bradycardia, AV block, hypotension and DIFUSE WHEEZING
Hypoglycema, bronchospasm and neurological dysfunction (delerium)
Also cold and clamy extremities
=Sequre airway and give isotonic fluid boluses and IV atropine for treatment of hypotension and bradycardia
In patients with refactory or profound hypotension give IV glucagon
Glucagon increases intracellular levels of cAMP
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hyperkalemia
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Hep A postexposure prophalaxis
Hep A or Hep A immune globulin in close personal contacts (sexual, houshold)
Child care contacts
Food preparation workers whose coworkers have been infected
Should be given within 2 weeks of exposure
AVNRT
Abrupt onset of regular tachycardia that resolves with cold water immersion
2 conduction pathways (slow and fast)
reentry mechanism
Vagal maneuvers increase parasympathetic tone in the heart and result in temporary slowing of conduction in AV node and increase in the AV node refractory period leading to termination of AVNRT
Hemodynamic measurements in shock
Hepatorenal syndrome
Prolonged high FIO2
Can cause oxygen toxicity as it can lead to the formation of proinflamatory oxygen free radicals and predispose to atelectasis as alveolar nitrogen is displaced, resulting in worsened oxygenation
No strict cutoff but levels less than 60% are considered safe
Aortic stenosis
Progressive fatigue with exertional lightheadedness and presyncope delayed carotid pulses and systolic murmur over the right upper sternal border
Severe AS is where signs show up (Valve area less than 1 cm2_
Diminished and delayed carotid pules (pulsus parvus et tardus)
Late-peaking crecendo-decrescendo systolic murmur
Soft and single S2
Reactive arthritis
Type of seronegative spondloarthropathy
Triad of nongonococcal urethritis, asymmetric oligoarthritis and conjunctivitis
OFten involves knee and sacroilliac spine
Mucucutaneous lesions and enthesitis (achilles tendon pain) are common findings
Synovial fluid analysis is usually sterile
NSAIDS are first line therapy during acute phase
Lacunar stroke
Acute Interstitial nephritis
Lead poisoning in adults
Evaluation of hyperthyroidism
Causes of urinary incontinence in the elderly
Crohn disease
Dermatofibroma
Due to fibroblast proliferation causing isolated or multiple lesions, most comonly in lower extremities
Etiology is unknown but some pateints may develop after trauma such as bug bites
Discrete, firm, hyperpigmented nodules that are usually less than 1 cm in diamter
Fiberous component that may cause dimplin in the center when the area is pinched (dimple or buttonhole sign)
Ichthyosis vulgaris
Chronic inherited skin disorder characterized by diffuse dermal scarring
Caused by mutation in filaggrin gene
Rough scale like skin
Worsens later in life and in winter
Porphyria cutanea tarda
SJS and TEN
Tinea versicolor
Teiogen effiuvuium
crystal-induced acute kidney injury
aspergilliosis
Cyanide accumulation and toxicity
Prolonged infusion of nitropurosside at high rates
Features of fibromyalgia, polymyositis and polymyalgia rheumatica
Cognitive impairment in elderly patients
Abnormal hemostasis in CRF
Platelet dysfunction most common
PT, PTT and Platelet count normal but BT prolonged
DDAVP (desmopressin) treatment of choice. Increases release of factor VII: von Willebrand factor multimers from endothelial storage sites
Platelet transfusion is not indicated because transfused platelets quickly become inactive
Length of time of liver transplant and infectious organism
ADH related causes of polyuria and polydipsia
Interstitial cysitis
Drugs associated with pancreatitis
Treatment of chronic stable angina
Cryoglobulinemia
Hypothyroidism metabolic abnormalities
Hyperlipidemia, hyponatremia and asymptomatic elevations of CK and serum transaminases
Statins can increase the risk for myopathy in poorly controlled hypothyroidism and should be given with caution in these patients
Colon cancer screening in patients at increased risk