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Pharm > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Controlled substance act

A

Schedule 1-5

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2
Q

Drug development and ethics

A

FDA has to approve new drugs

Drugs reach market after 12 years

Do your patients have a way to get meds? Can they afford them?

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3
Q

Schedule 1

A

No med benefit

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4
Q

Schedule 2

A

Highly addictive

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5
Q

Schedule 3

A

Less addictive

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6
Q

Schedule 4 & 5

A

Not addictive

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7
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

What the body does to the drugs

Movement through the body

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8
Q

ADME

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

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9
Q

Absorption

A

Process of drug transport from site of administration to systemic circulation by crossing biological membrane

Affecting factors?

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10
Q

First-pass effect

A

Absorbed from GI tract, carried to liver through portal circulation

Some drugs extensively metabolized by liver
Only part of drug reaches systemic

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11
Q

Distribution

A

Transport molecule in body

Carried by blood or tissue fluids to sites of action, metabolism and excretion
Affecting factors: adequacy of blood circulation, tissue affinity, protein binding, blood-brain barrier

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12
Q

Metabolism

A

Biotransformation, method of drug inactivation, liver, inactive metabolites (excretion), cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme induction/inhibition

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13
Q

Enzyme induction

A

More enzymes breaking down drug to be excreted. Not circulated well

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14
Q

Enzyme inhibition

A

Not broken down, more active = circulated, adverse affect, overdose

Prodrugs = inactive -> active
Half lives: drug concentration <50%
Steady state: keep patient at therapeutic state
Loading dose: given @ large amounts @ 1 dose

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15
Q

Excretion

A

Drug out of body, excreted by kidney

*Serum creatinine vs. creatinine clearance

*** know formulas ^^

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16
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A 
Dose response &amp; max efficiency
Potency
Therapeutic index
Onset, peak, duration
Peak &amp; through
Receptors
Agonists &amp; antagonists
Mechanisms of action
17
Q

Side effects

A

Not as serious but have bad outcomes

18
Q

Adverse reactions

A

Serious and life threatening

19
Q

Toxicity

A

Damaged organs

20
Q

Tolerance

A

Gets used and needs bigger amounts of drugs

21
Q

Affecting factors of absorption

A

Route, preparation, dosage, digestive motility, digestive enzymes, blood flow at admin, lipid solubility, degree of ionization, pH of local environment, drug-drug, drug-food interactions

Pharm (7 decks)

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