Geriatric And Pediatric Considerations Flashcards
Which drugs should be avoided in older adult patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease CKD
Glyburide
Metformin
The nurse who works in a psychiatric unit is caring for an elderly patient. Which drugs require a reduction in dose for this patient
Anxiolytic agents
Tricyclics antidepressants
Which inadequacy in neonates results in reduced absorption of lipid soluble drugs
Bile salts and pancreatic enzymes
While assessing the cognitive skills of an adolescent patient the nurse finds that the patient is in the concrete operational stage. Which action of the patient supports the nurses conclusion
The patient is unable to comprehend potential drug implications
Which chemical responsible for the breakdown of drugs has reduced activity in older adults
Cytochrome P450
Which statement by the student nurse about absorption of drugs in older adults indicates effective learning
Absorption of acidic drugs is poor in older adults
The parent of an 8 m.o infant tells the nurse “while administering the meds to my child, I add a small amount of honey to mask the bitter taste.” For which condition is this infant at risk due to this method of med administration
Botulism
Which factor increases the risk of CNS toxicity in infants
Presence of an immature blood brain barrier
Which common phrase may help the nurse remember the general practice recommended to reduce the chances of drug toxicity in older adults
Start low go slow
The nurse will administer a drug to an elderly patient that undergoes predominant hepatic metabolism before being excreted through the kidneys. How will the nurse assess liver function to administer the drug safely to the patient
Reviewing liver enzymes
While assessing renal function in an elderly patient, a nurse learns that the patient has reduced renal blood flow. What is the impact of the age-related change on drug action
Decreased excretion
The nurse is assessing an older adult who is taking diazepam. The nurse finds that the liver function is normal. However the patient experiences drug toxicity even at the prescribed dose. What can the nurse conclude from this
The patients hepatic enzymatic activity is reduced
Which physiologic change that normally occurs in the older adult has implications for the nurse assessing drug response
Drug half life is lengthened
Gastric emptying and GI motility are unpredictable in neonates an infants; however these processes approach that of adults by what age
6-8 months
Which physiologic change in older adults results in lipid soluble drugs having a greater volume of distribution, increased drug storage, reduced elimination and a prolonged period of action
Increase body fat