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Advanced Nursing > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to hemoglobin at 108 degrees?

A

It cannot deliver oxygen to tissues

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2
Q

What does Ileus indicate?

A

Paralyzed guts

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3
Q

What can PCV and TP tests be used for?

A

Dehydration, anemia, trauma, and shock.

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4
Q

What is the normal WBC for adult dogs?

A

6,000-17,000

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5
Q

What is the normal WBC count for adult cats?

A

5,500-19,000

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6
Q

What is the normal platelet count?

A

200,000-400,000

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7
Q

What is the normal canine PCV?

A

37-54%

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8
Q

What is the normal feline PCV

A

30-47%

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9
Q

What is the normal TP range for dogs?

A

6-7.8 g/dl

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10
Q

What is the normal TP range for cats?

A

6.2-8 g/dl

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11
Q

What can a low PCV cause?

A

Anemia

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12
Q

What can a rise in PCV cause?

A

Dehydration

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13
Q

What will dehydration do to total protein?

A

Cause it to rise

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14
Q

Splenic contraction is seen in what?

A

Normal total protein

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15
Q

What are toy breed puppies at a high risk for?

A

Hypoglycemia

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16
Q

Define azotemia

A

Nitrogen waste products in the blood

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17
Q

What does severe azotemia indicate

A

KIdney failure

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18
Q

What conditions are associated with hyperkalemia?

A

Urethral obstruction, acute renal failure, and hypoadrenocorticism.

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19
Q

What conditions are associated with hypocalcemia

A

eclampsia and hypoadrenocorticism

20
Q

What conditions are associated with hypernatremia?

A

nonketotic hyperosmolar diabetic crisis

21
Q

Name 3 respiratory emergencies

A

Pulmonary thromboembolism
Pneumonia
Congestive Heart Failure

22
Q

Name 5 metabolic emergencies

A

Urethral obstruction, diabetic ketoacidosis, eclampsia, hypoadrenocorticism, and antifreeze toxicity

23
Q

What does the PaO2 determine?

A

How well the blood is being oxygenated

24
Q

What is the normal PaO2

A

100

25
Q

What is the normal PaCO2

A

35-45

26
Q

What does excess CO2 indicate

A

acidosis hypoventilation

27
Q

What does a lack of CO2 indicate

A

alkalosis hyperventilation

28
Q

What does the level of bicarbonate ions determine

A

The metabolic component of a blood gas

29
Q

What is the normal bicarbonate range

A

19-23

30
Q

What does the base deficit determine

A

How many units of base are needed to return the patient to neutral.

31
Q

What does the base excess determine

A

How much bicarbonate you need

32
Q

Define colloid osmotic pressure

A

The pressure exerted by the colloid particles dissolved in a solution on a semipermeable membrane

33
Q

What does the colloid osmotic pressure indicate

A

The concentration of plasma protein in the blood

34
Q

What are lactate concentrations a indicator of?

A

Inadequate tissue perfusion

35
Q

What are the normal lactate levels in a dog

A

2.5mmol/L

36
Q

What are the normal lactate levels in a cat

A

1.5 mmol/L

37
Q

What is the buccal mucosal bleeding time test

A

Controlled wound made on a mucosal surface

38
Q

What does a pulse oximeter measure

A

The oxygen saturation of hemoglobin

39
Q

What are some reasons for a sudden drop in a capnograph wave

A

disconnection, large leak, airway obstruction, extubation, and arrest

40
Q

Central venous pressure commonly check what

A

Overhydration

41
Q

Where is fluid volume overload seen

A

Preexisting heart disease, right ventricular congestive heart failure, and high volume of IV fluid diuresis

42
Q

What is the normal CVP reading?

A

0-5 cm H2O

43
Q

Pulse quality and blood pressure measurements are important monitoring tools for what?

A

Organ function

44
Q

What is the systolic blood pressure reading during hypotension?

A

Less than 80 mm Hg

45
Q

What is the mean blood pressure reading during hypotension

A

Less than 60 mm Hg

Advanced Nursing (7 decks)

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