Week 1

Question 1

What happens to hemoglobin at 108 degrees?

Answer 1

It cannot deliver oxygen to tissues

Question 2

What does Ileus indicate?

Answer 2

Paralyzed guts

Question 3

What can PCV and TP tests be used for?

Answer 3

Dehydration, anemia, trauma, and shock.

Question 4

What is the normal WBC for adult dogs?

Answer 4

6,000-17,000

Question 5

What is the normal WBC count for adult cats?

Answer 5

5,500-19,000

Question 6

What is the normal platelet count?

Answer 6

200,000-400,000

Question 7

What is the normal canine PCV?

Answer 7

37-54%

Question 8

What is the normal feline PCV

Answer 8

30-47%

Question 9

What is the normal TP range for dogs?

Answer 9

6-7.8 g/dl

Question 10

What is the normal TP range for cats?

Answer 10

6.2-8 g/dl

Question 11

What can a low PCV cause?

Answer 11

Anemia

Question 12

What can a rise in PCV cause?

Answer 12

Dehydration

Question 13

What will dehydration do to total protein?

Answer 13

Cause it to rise

Question 14

Splenic contraction is seen in what?

Answer 14

Normal total protein

Question 15

What are toy breed puppies at a high risk for?

Answer 15

Hypoglycemia

Question 16

Define azotemia

Answer 16

Nitrogen waste products in the blood

Question 17

What does severe azotemia indicate

Answer 17

KIdney failure

Question 18

What conditions are associated with hyperkalemia?

Answer 18

Urethral obstruction, acute renal failure, and hypoadrenocorticism.

Question 19

What conditions are associated with hypocalcemia

Answer 19

eclampsia and hypoadrenocorticism

Question 20

What conditions are associated with hypernatremia?

Answer 20

nonketotic hyperosmolar diabetic crisis

Question 21

Name 3 respiratory emergencies

Answer 21

Pulmonary thromboembolism
Pneumonia
Congestive Heart Failure

Question 22

Name 5 metabolic emergencies

Answer 22

Urethral obstruction, diabetic ketoacidosis, eclampsia, hypoadrenocorticism, and antifreeze toxicity

Question 23

What does the PaO2 determine?

Answer 23

How well the blood is being oxygenated

Question 24

What is the normal PaO2

Answer 24

100

Question 25

What is the normal PaCO2

Answer 25

35-45

Question 26

What does excess CO2 indicate

Answer 26

acidosis hypoventilation

Question 27

What does a lack of CO2 indicate

Answer 27

alkalosis hyperventilation

Question 28

What does the level of bicarbonate ions determine

Answer 28

The metabolic component of a blood gas

Question 29

What is the normal bicarbonate range

Answer 29

19-23

Question 30

What does the base deficit determine

Answer 30

How many units of base are needed to return the patient to neutral.

Question 31

What does the base excess determine

Answer 31

How much bicarbonate you need

Question 32

Define colloid osmotic pressure

Answer 32

The pressure exerted by the colloid particles dissolved in a solution on a semipermeable membrane

Question 33

What does the colloid osmotic pressure indicate

Answer 33

The concentration of plasma protein in the blood

Question 34

What are lactate concentrations a indicator of?

Answer 34

Inadequate tissue perfusion

Question 35

What are the normal lactate levels in a dog

Answer 35

2.5mmol/L

Question 36

What are the normal lactate levels in a cat

Answer 36

1.5 mmol/L

Question 37

What is the buccal mucosal bleeding time test

Answer 37

Controlled wound made on a mucosal surface

Question 38

What does a pulse oximeter measure

Answer 38

The oxygen saturation of hemoglobin

Question 39

What are some reasons for a sudden drop in a capnograph wave

Answer 39

disconnection, large leak, airway obstruction, extubation, and arrest

Question 40

Central venous pressure commonly check what

Answer 40

Overhydration

Question 41

Where is fluid volume overload seen

Answer 41

Preexisting heart disease, right ventricular congestive heart failure, and high volume of IV fluid diuresis

Question 42

What is the normal CVP reading?

Answer 42

0-5 cm H2O

Question 43

Pulse quality and blood pressure measurements are important monitoring tools for what?

Answer 43

Organ function

Question 44

What is the systolic blood pressure reading during hypotension?

Answer 44

Less than 80 mm Hg

Question 45

What is the mean blood pressure reading during hypotension

Answer 45

Less than 60 mm Hg