Week 1 Flashcards
What is the first step in classifying someone with a psychological disorder?
Making a judgment that some aspect of the person’s functioning is abnormal.
What are the four Ds of defining abnormal behaviour?
- Deviance
- Distress
- Disability/dysfunction
- Dangerousness
Define psychological dysfunction
A breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioural functioning.
Define deviance
Behaviour that is atypical or not culturally expected.
Define abnormal behaviour
Behavioural, psychological, or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and impairment of functioning, or increased suffering, death, pain or impairment.
Define psychopathology
The scientific study of psychological disorders.
Define the scientist-practitioner model
The adoption of scientific methods to learn more about the nature of psychological disorders, their causes, and their treatment.
How to mental health practitioners adopt the scientist-practitioner model?
- keep up with latest scientific research
- evaluate their own procedures
- conduct new research
Describe Demonology
Abnormal behaviour is the result of possession by supernatural forces, such as angry gods, evil spirits, and demons.
How was mental mental illness treated according to Demonology?
Expelling demons by using cantations, prayers, physical punishment, stoning, flogging.
What did Hippocrates suggest caused abnormal behaviour?
Abnormal behaviour has both biological and psychological causes.
What did Galen suggest causes abnormal behaviour?
Four humors: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood.
To restore balance among humors, you must alter your diet, exercise, alcohol intake, and lifestyle.
Describe the humane care phase in treating abnormal behaviour.
- Disturbed people needed care and were put in asylums
- Asylums got very crowded, and resembled prisons.
- The public were sold tickets to view people in asylums.
How did Philippe Pinel and William Tuke treat people with abnormal behaviour?
They unchained people in asylums & improved living conditions. Saw that people had fresh air and freedom.
How did Emil Kraepelin treat abnormal behaviour?
classified various p;sychological disorders from a biological point of view and published work on diagnosis.
How did Charcot interpret abnormal behaviour?
Hysterical disorders and hypnosis were not the result of neurological weakness but were the effects of suggestion.
When were physiological treatments of abnormal behaviour introduced?
Early 1950s
What was given to patients suffering from schizophrenia?
Antihistamines
Describe the aetiology of different mental health problems
- Genetic models
- Biological models
- Psychological models
- Sociocultural models
- Biopsychosocial models
What are the 3 elements of a psychological disorder?
(1)A psychological dysfunction within an individual that is (2) associated with distress or impairment in functioning and (3) a response that is not typical or culturally expected.
Historically, what are the 3 main approaches to abnormal behaviour?
- Supernatural
- Biological
- Psychological
