Week 1

Question 1

What is the first step in classifying someone with a psychological disorder?

Answer 1

Making a judgment that some aspect of the person’s functioning is abnormal.

Question 2

What are the four Ds of defining abnormal behaviour?

Answer 2

• Deviance
• Distress
• Disability/dysfunction
• Dangerousness

Question 3

Define psychological dysfunction

Answer 3

A breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioural functioning.

Question 4

Define deviance

Answer 4

Behaviour that is atypical or not culturally expected.

Question 5

Define abnormal behaviour

Answer 5

Behavioural, psychological, or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and impairment of functioning, or increased suffering, death, pain or impairment.

Question 6

Define psychopathology

Answer 6

The scientific study of psychological disorders.

Question 7

Define the scientist-practitioner model

Answer 7

The adoption of scientific methods to learn more about the nature of psychological disorders, their causes, and their treatment.

Question 8

How to mental health practitioners adopt the scientist-practitioner model?

Answer 8

• keep up with latest scientific research
• evaluate their own procedures
• conduct new research

Question 9

Describe Demonology

Answer 9

Abnormal behaviour is the result of possession by supernatural forces, such as angry gods, evil spirits, and demons.

Question 10

How was mental mental illness treated according to Demonology?

Answer 10

Expelling demons by using cantations, prayers, physical punishment, stoning, flogging.

Question 11

What did Hippocrates suggest caused abnormal behaviour?

Answer 11

Abnormal behaviour has both biological and psychological causes.

Question 12

What did Galen suggest causes abnormal behaviour?

Answer 12

Four humors: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood.

To restore balance among humors, you must alter your diet, exercise, alcohol intake, and lifestyle.

Question 13

Describe the humane care phase in treating abnormal behaviour.

Answer 13

• Disturbed people needed care and were put in asylums
• Asylums got very crowded, and resembled prisons.
• The public were sold tickets to view people in asylums.

Question 14

How did Philippe Pinel and William Tuke treat people with abnormal behaviour?

Answer 14

They unchained people in asylums & improved living conditions. Saw that people had fresh air and freedom.

Question 15

How did Emil Kraepelin treat abnormal behaviour?

Answer 15

classified various p;sychological disorders from a biological point of view and published work on diagnosis.

Question 16

How did Charcot interpret abnormal behaviour?

Answer 16

Hysterical disorders and hypnosis were not the result of neurological weakness but were the effects of suggestion.

Question 17

When were physiological treatments of abnormal behaviour introduced?

Answer 17

Early 1950s

Question 18

What was given to patients suffering from schizophrenia?

Answer 18

Antihistamines

Question 19

Describe the aetiology of different mental health problems

Answer 19

• Genetic models
• Biological models
• Psychological models
• Sociocultural models
• Biopsychosocial models

Question 20

What are the 3 elements of a psychological disorder?

Answer 20

(1)A psychological dysfunction within an individual that is (2) associated with distress or impairment in functioning and (3) a response that is not typical or culturally expected.

Question 21

Historically, what are the 3 main approaches to abnormal behaviour?

Answer 21

• Supernatural
• Biological
• Psychological