Week 1 Flashcards
What are the basic tools for monitoring?
You, a thermometer, and a stethoscope
What does continuous monitoring consist of?
observation, palpation, auscultation, and basic nursing practices
What kind and where do you place a catheter for multiple blood samples? How long can it be left in place?
long, large bore catheter placed into a central vein. Can be maintained for several days (3-4)
What test is good for following trends with dehydration, anemia, trauma, and shock?
PCV and TPP
How do you calibrate the Abaxus machine?
you don’t. the calibration is in the rotors that you put in the machine.
How long should hematology analyzer stain be used?
Only for about 3 months or gets old and starts to clump
What is the normal WBC count range for dogs?
6,000 - 17,000 cells
What is the normal WBC count range for cats?
5,500 - 19,000
What is a normal platelet count?
100,000 - 400,000
What is a scary platelet count?
anything below 60,000
What is a normal canine PCV range?
37-54%
what is a normal feline PCV range?
30 - 47%
What is the normal TP range for dogs?
6.0 - 7.8 g/dl
What is the normal TP range for cats/
6.2 - 8.0 g/dl
What are 2 tools to gauge the effect of IV fluids?
PCV and TS
With a splenic contraction you get a _____ PCV
higher
With a splenic expansion you get a ______ PCV
lower
If you have a normal PCV with a low TP what do you suspect?
decreased protein production and increased loss from the GI or urinary tract, splenic contraction
If you have a normal PCV with a high TP what do you suspect?
dehydration with anemia, FIP or other infectious disease
If you have a high PCV and a normal TP what does it imply?
splenic contraction
What does Acid-based status contain/include?
blood pH and electrolyte levels
Hypoglycemia is a life threatening abnormality in what?
neonates, toy breed puppies, and sepsis
What is severe azotemia?
high levels of BUN and creatinine
Hyperkalemia can be due to?
urethral obstructions, acute renal failure, and hypoadrenocorticism
hypocalcaemia can be due to?
eclampsia, hypoadrenocorticism
Blood gas analysis does what?
trying to figure out how much O2 and CO2 is in the system
What is the blood pH range?
7.35- 7.45
what does PaO2 mean?
the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood
What does PaCO2 mean?
the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood
What does BE stand for?
base excess
What does base excess mean?
the amount of base above or below the normal buffer level
What is the normal range for canine venous BGV?
pH 7.32 - 7.40
what is the normal range for canine (venous) PCO2 BGV?
33 -50 mm Hg
what is the normal range for canine (venous) HCO3 BGV?
18 - 26 mm Hg
What is the normal range for canine arterial BGV?
pH 7.36 - 7.44
What is the normal range for (arterial) canine PCO2?
36 - 44 mm Hg
what is the normal range for (arterial) canine HCO3?
18 - 26 mm Hg
What is the normal range for (arterial) canine PO2?
85 - 100 mm Hg
What is the normal range for Feline venous: pH, PCO2, and HCO3?
pH- 7.28 - 7.41
PCO2- 33 - 45 mm Hg
HCO3- 18 - 23 mm Hg
What is the normal range for feline arterial; pH, PCO2, HCO3, and PO2?
pH- 7.36 - 7.44
PCO2- 28 - 32 mm Hg
HCO3- 17 - 22 mm Hg
PO2- 85 - 100 mm Hg
Define Colloid Osmotic Pressure
the pressure exerted by the colloid particles dissolved in a solution on a semipermeable membrane
It takes a MAP of what to keep producing urine?
60
What does COP stand for?
Colloidal Oncotic Pressure
What does COP do?
Determines the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood.
