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JL Endocrinology > Week 1 (2) > Flashcards

Week 1 (2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is caused by insufficient insulin to maintain glucose homeostasis?

A

Diabetes

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2
Q

What is caused as a result of failure of insulin synthesis, release or activity?

A

MODY

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3
Q

What level of HbA1c is suggestive of diabetes?

A

48 m/m and above

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4
Q

What fasting glucose level is indicative of diabetes?

A

7.0 mmol/L and above

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5
Q

What 2hr glucose in OGTT is indicative of diabetes?

A

11.1 mmol/L and above

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6
Q

What antibodies are usually characteristic of T1DM?

A

anti-GAD/anti-islet cell antibodies

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7
Q

What type of diabetes involves the pathogenesis of cell failure and absolute insulin deficiency?

A

Type I

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8
Q

What type of diabetes involves the pathogenesis of hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance?

A

Type II

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9
Q

When does type I diabetes usually present?

A

Pre-school and peri-puberty but also small peak in late 30s

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10
Q

What type of diabetes are ketonuria and metabolic acidosis related to?

A

Type I

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11
Q

Give seven symptoms of diabetes mellitus?

A
  1. Thirst
  2. Polyuria
  3. Thrush
  4. Weakness fatigue
  5. Blurred vision
  6. Infections
  7. Weight loss
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12
Q

Name three useful discrim/inatory tests for diabetes mellitus?

A
  1. GAD/ anti-islet cell antibodies
  2. Ketones
  3. C-peptide 9plasma)
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13
Q

In diabetes diagnosis what does ketosis =?

A

Type I diabetes

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14
Q

Give three pancreatic diseases which give diabetes?

A
  1. Chronic or recurrent pancreatitis
  2. Haemochromatosis
  3. Cystic fibrosis
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15
Q

Give 4 endocrine diseases which give diabetes?

A
  1. Cushing’s syndrome
  2. Acromegaly
  3. Phaechromocytoma
  4. Glucagonoma
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16
Q

What three drugs induce diabetes?

A

Glucocorticoids
Diuretics
B-blockers

17
Q

Give three genetic diseases which cause diabetes?

A
  1. Cystic fibrosis
  2. Myotonic dystrophy
  3. Turner’s syndrome
18
Q

What does GAD-negative and C-peptide positive suggest?

A

Monogenic diabetes

19
Q

What provides a measure of glucose control over past 2-3 months?

A

HbA1c

20
Q

What is involved in DIDMOAD or Wolfram syndrome?

A 
Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes Mellitus
Optic atrophy
Deafness
Neurological abnormalities
21
Q

What syndrome involves obesity, polydactyly, hypogonadal, visual impairment, hearing impairment, mental retardation, diabetes?

A

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome

JL Endocrinology (12 decks)

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