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GIS > Week 1+2 > Flashcards

Week 1+2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is GIS

A

A computer-based system to aid in the collection, maintenance, storage, analysis, output, and distribution of spatial information

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2
Q

GIScience

A

As a field of research that studies theory and concepts of GIS

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3
Q

Visualization

A

Exploration of data and seeing it in different ways. It is often associated with dynamic visual displays. The goal is insight into the data

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4
Q

Raster

A

A regular set of cells in a grid pattern . . . [which are typically] square and evenly spaced in the x and y directions

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5
Q

Vector

A

Uses sets of coordinates and associated attribute data to define discrete objects . . . [which are] points, lines, and polygons

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6
Q

Two data types

A
  • Raster
  • Vector
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7
Q

Map Output types

A
  • General Purpose or Reference Maps
  • Special Purpose Maps
  • Thematic Maps
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8
Q

Purpose of Maps

A
  • Data storage
  • Visualization
  • Communication
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9
Q

Why we need GIS

A
  • Mandatory in many settings (Crime)
  • Save money
  • Manage resources
  • Environmental problems
  • Human impacts on the environment
  • Emergency services
  • Businesses
  • Global Navigation Satellite Systems
  • Computing benefits
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10
Q

GIS in Action

A
  • Lost hikers
  • Shoreline management
  • Wildfire rehabilitation
  • Air pollution
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11
Q

GIS Components

A
  • Hardware for GIS
  • GIS Software
  • Programming with GIS
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12
Q

GIS Software

A
  • ESRI’s ArcGIS (ArcGIS Pro)
  • Idrisi
  • QGIS
  • GeoDa
  • Geographic Resource Analysis Support System (GRASS)
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13
Q

Programming with GIS

A
  • Python
  • R
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14
Q

Cartography

A

The art, science and technology of making maps, together with their study as scientific documents and works of art

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15
Q

Map

A

A graphic representation of all or part of the surface of the earth (or other body) drawn to scale on a plane

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16
Q

Scale

A

The ratio of the distances on a map, globe, model, or profile to the actual distances they represent

17
Q

What makes maps popular

A
  • Convenient to use
  • Simplify our surroundings
  • Credibility
  • Strong visual impact
18
Q

The Mapping Process

A
  • Planning
  • Analysis
  • Presentation
  • Critique / Edit
  • Production
19
Q

Expressing Scale

A

Scale is presented as either a Representative Fraction (RF), Verbal Scale or a Scale Bar

20
Q

What is RF

A

RF expresses map distance / ground distance

21
Q

Verbal Scale

A

Verbal Scale expresses the scale in written format

22
Q

Scale Bar

A

Scale Bar is a line on a map which has been divided into equal segments starting at 0

23
Q

Goals of Map Design

A
  • Clarity
  • Order
  • Balance
  • Contrast
  • Unity
  • Harmony
24
Q

Map Elements

A
  • Subject Area
  • Title
  • Legends
  • Scale
  • Orientation
  • Inset Maps

GIS (4 decks)

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